The Theory and Design of Chirp Radars

Klauder, John R.; Price, A. C.; Darlington, S.; Albersheim, W. J.

doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1960.tb03942.x

Cited by 846 publications

(251 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This is similar to the technique of pulse compression used in radar and sonar technology. 18 Like pulse compression, it allows for an accurate estimation of the pulse arrival time. In addition, one can make use of the noise autocorrelation function for a given channel when defining its p m .…”

Section: Phase Conversion and Matched Filteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A readout for large arrays of microwave kinetic inductance detectors

McHugh

Mazin²,

Serfass³

et al. 2012

Review of Scientific Instruments

131

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Design and analysis of multi-color confocal microscopy with a wavelength scanning detector Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 053704 (2012) Short wavelength thermography: Theoretical and experimental estimation of the optimal working wavelength J. Appl. Phys. 111, 084903 (2012) Hole shape effect induced optical response to permittivity change in palladium sub-wavelength hole arrays upon hydrogen exposure J. Appl. Phys. 111, 084502 (2012) Few-photon-level two-dimensional infrared imaging by coincidence frequency upconversion Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 151102 (2012) Channelling optics for high quality imaging of sensory hair Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 045001 (2012) Additional information on Rev. Sci. Instrum. Microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) are superconducting detectors capable of counting single photons and measuring their energy in the UV, optical, and near-IR. MKIDs feature intrinsic frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) at microwave frequencies, allowing the construction and readout of large arrays. Due to the microwave FDM, MKIDs do not require the complex cryogenic multiplexing electronics used for similar detectors, such as transition edge sensors, but instead transfer this complexity to room temperature electronics where they present a formidable signal processing challenge. In this paper, we describe the first successful effort to build a readout for a photon counting optical/near-IR astronomical instrument, the ARray Camera for Optical to Nearinfrared Spectrophotometry. This readout is based on open source hardware developed by the Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research. Designed principally for radio telescope backends, it is flexible enough to be used for a variety of signal processing applications.

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Section: Phase Conversion and Matched Filteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A readout for large arrays of microwave kinetic inductance detectors

McHugh

Mazin²,

Serfass³

et al. 2012

Review of Scientific Instruments

131

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“…The chirp signal is often used in cross-correlation analysis because it facilitates the detection of a peak even if the direct and reflected waves interfere with each other. 12,13) The TOF is defined as the elapsed time + Graduate Student, University of Tsukuba between the sending out of the ultrasonic wave and the first peak of the cross-correlation of input and received signals.…”

Section: Measurement Of Tofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Internal Crack Detection in Shape-Distorted Cast Billets Using Time-of-Flight Measurements of Longitudinal Ultrasonic Waves

et al. 2012

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To detect cracks in shape distorted cast billets, we newly propose a method that is the use of ultrasonic computerized tomography (CT) in combination with measurements of time-of-flight (TOF) of longitudinal ultrasonic waves at multiple planes as a more robust reconstruction method. The TOF is measured by applying the transmission method, and the measured TOF is used to reconstruct the apparent sound velocity profile. Cracks are identified as a decrease in the apparent sound velocity, which is caused by an increase in the TOF after the diffraction of ultrasonic waves at the cracks. The combination makes it possible to remove the effects of shape distortion to be compensated by the TOF measurements at multiple planes. Therefore, cracks are clearly detected using this method. The detection ability of this method is evaluated by numerical simulations of a shape-distorted billet. The results of this study are validated with help of wave propagation simulations using the transmission line matrix (TLM) method. More specifically, the newly proposed method allowed us to detect cracks that could hardly be distinguished with the use of our previously proposed method owing to fluctuations of the apparent sound velocity caused by shape distortions. In addition, using the new method enables the detection of cracks located near the billet's surface whose dimensional change is as small as 5%. From the results of this study, we believe that the newly proposed method could be useful for the crack detection in shape-distorted billets.

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“…The baseband spectrum of the upgoing linear frequency-modulated chirps transmitted by ALTAIR may be expressed as [Klauder et al, 1960]:…”

Section: Simulations Of Channel Scattering Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements and simulation of ionospheric scattering on VHF and UHF radar signals: Channel scattering function

2009

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[1] The design and operation of transionospheric VHF and UHF radars requires knowledge of amplitude and phase scintillation due to ionospheric scattering. Phase coherence is of particular importance where long coherent integration periods and large bandwidths are required. A thin phase screen, parabolic equation based, Trans-Ionospheric Radio Propagation Simulator (TIRPS) is described. Modeled channel scattering functions (CSFs) are compared to experimental VHF and UHF data derived from the Advanced Research Projects Agency Long-range Tracking and Instrumentation Radar on Kwajalein Island (9.4°N, 166.8°E). TIRPS quantitatively reproduces the experimental results, including the quasi-parabolic profile observed in the measured CSFs under strong turbulence conditions. Variations in the simulated CSF with ionospheric phase screen parameters are also presented. Under conditions of high integrated strength of turbulence (C k L), a low phase spectral index (p = 1), indicating relatively dense small-scale irregularities, produces pronounced range spreading. Conversely, when the spectral index is high (p = 4), indicative of strong focusing/defocusing by large-scale irregularities, there is increased Doppler spreading and, when the outer scale of irregularities is large, a greater likelihood of asymmetry of the CSF about the zero Doppler axis.

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The Theory and Design of Chirp Radars

Cited by 846 publications

References 5 publications

A readout for large arrays of microwave kinetic inductance detectors

A readout for large arrays of microwave kinetic inductance detectors

Simulation of Internal Crack Detection in Shape-Distorted Cast Billets Using Time-of-Flight Measurements of Longitudinal Ultrasonic Waves

Measurements and simulation of ionospheric scattering on VHF and UHF radar signals: Channel scattering function

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