The Test of Genotype Adaptation of Several Garlic Varieties on the Highland

Abstract

This study aims to determine the growth patterns of four types of local garlic (Allium sativum L.) and to obtain the adaptive appearance of the agronomical characteristics with maximum tuber weight in two different altitude places. The research was conducted in the Borah garlic farmer garden, Wiyurejo village, Pujon subdistrict, Batu city with an altitude of 1200 m above sea level, daily temperature of 15-20C and average rainfall of 21.400 millimeter/year and in the UB pilot garden of Cangar, Tulungrejo Urban village, Bumiaji Sub district, tourism city of Batu with an altitude of 1600 m above sea level, daily temperature of 17.5-22.8C and average rainfall of 2733 millimeter/year/year. The experimental design used was a Nested completely randomized design. The parameters observed were measuring plant variables consisting of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, tuber diameter, tuber wet weight, tuber dry weight and tuber dry weight (tons per hectare). The results showed that the best growth pattern occurred at an altitude of 1600 m above sea level with 10 weeks after planting/meters sea level (weeks after planting). On the other hand, the highest weight is found in the type of Atsabe (3.932ton ha 1) but not significantly different from Saigon (3.735ton ha 1) at altitude of 1600 m above sea level as well as genotype of Saigon (3.628ton ha 1) and Atsabe (3.355ton ha 1) at altitude of 1200 m above sea level. Besides that, the highest percentage of allicine is found in the varieties of Atsabe (19.18%) and the lowest is found in the varieties of Sembalun (4.87%) at an altitude of 1200 m above sea level. For the growth and productions of local garlic plants from the four varieties, it is recommended to use Saigon and Atsabe genotypes at altitudes of 1600 m above sea level and 1200 m above sea level.

Agronomic responses of four garlic genotypes in two different locations

“…It showed that while Lumbu Kuning and Lumbu Putih had increasing diameters of dry bulb in Lembang, Tawangmangu Baru and Lumbu Hijau had decreasing values, and vice versa. These results supported the previous study on the highland of East Java that found the effect of G×L interaction on garlic bulb diameter (Gomes et al, 2019).…”

“…Although evaluations of those varieties have been done in many locations such as highlands of Malang (Anjani et al, 2019), Bromo (Saidah et al, 2022), Cianjur (Dianawati et al, 2022), Sembalun (Hadiawati et al, 2022), Lembang (Muliani et al, 2023), Dieng (Azmi et al, 2022), Alahan Panjang (Kristina et al, 2023) or lowlands of Muaro Jambi (Kurniaty et al, 2022), however, genetic stability evaluation is rarely reported. Genetic stability is an important factor in breeding evaluations as well as in developing recommendations for farmers in different locations (Obel et al, 2020;Gomes et al, 2019). The study aimed to evaluate agronomic responses of four garlic varieties planted on two different uplands in West Java.…”

Introduction of Garlic Cultivation Technology Packages in West Java, Indonesia

“…Garlic productivity in Indonesia has been low at around 6.39 ton/ha, while in the world average is 9.73 ton/ha [2]. The low production was due to the smaller size of local garlic bulbs than imported garlic, the diameter of Indonesian garlic bulbs was only 3-5 cm [3][4][5][6][7]. This has caused Indonesian farmers to be reluctant to plant garlic due to losing competition in terms of bulb size and lower selling price of imported garlic [8].…”