The temporal dynamics of emotional acceptance: Experience, expression, and physiology

Dan-Glauser, Elise S.; Gross, James J.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.03.005

Cited by 72 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…In one experiment, Dan-Glauser and Gross (2015) found that acceptance was associated with significant increases in the experience of positive affect when viewing positively valenced pictures but not when viewing negatively valenced pictures. In that study, however, positive and negative affect were not measured as separate constructs—instead, negative and positive affect were simply opposite ends of one continuum (Dan-Glauser & Gross, 2015). Similarly, Asnaani and colleagues (2013) examined the effects of acceptance on self-reported distress in response to positive images; however, they did not measure positive affective responses.…”

Section: Acceptancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental studies that examine physiological responses in the laboratory have found that acceptance is associated with a more adaptive physiological profile relative to suppression across studies (Campbell-Sills et al, 2006; Dan-Glauser & Gross, 2015; Feldner, Zvolensky, Eifert, & Spira, 2003). Dunn and colleagues (2009) also found that acceptance was associated with less electrodermal reactivity following a distressing film clip relative to both a suppression and a control group.…”

Section: Acceptancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance: Effects on emotion, physiology, and perceived cognitive costs.

Troy

Shallcross

Brunner

et al. 2018

Emotion

181

159

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Two emotion regulation strategies—cognitive reappraisal and acceptance—are both associated with beneficial psychological health outcomes over time. However, it remains unclear whether these 2 strategies are associated with differential consequences for emotion, physiology, or perceived cognitive costs in the short-term. The present study used a within-subjects design to examine the effects of reappraisal (reframing one’s thoughts) and acceptance (accepting feelings without trying to control or judge them) on the subjective experience of negative emotions, positive emotions, and physiological responses during and following recovery from sad film clips shown in the laboratory. Participants also reported on perceived regulatory effort, difficulty, and success after deploying each emotion regulation strategy. In 2 samples of participants (N = 142), reappraisal (vs. acceptance) was associated with larger decreases in negative and larger increases in positive emotions, both during the film clips and recovery period. However, acceptance was perceived as less difficult to deploy than reappraisal, and was associated with a smaller dampening of skin conductance level (indicating more successful regulation) during the film clips in 1 sample. These results suggest that reappraisal and acceptance may exert differential short-term effects: Whereas reappraisal is more effective for changing subjective experiences in the short term, acceptance may be less difficult to deploy and be more effective at changing one’s physiological response. Thus, these 2 strategies may both be considered “effective” for different reasons.

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Section: Acceptancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acceptancementioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance: Effects on emotion, physiology, and perceived cognitive costs.

Troy

Shallcross

Brunner

et al. 2018

Emotion

181

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In non-ASD populations poor emotional acceptance is well-known to be a contributor to anxiety (Baer, Smith, Hopkins, Krietemeyer, & Toney, 2006;Campbell-Sills, Barlow, Brown, & Hofmann, 2006; Douglas S. Mennin, McLaughlin, & Flanagan, 2009). It is one of the primary mechanisms of action targeted by mindfulness based therapies that have proven very successful in alleviating anxiety (Dan-Glauser & Gross, 2015;Kohl, Rief, & Glombiewski, 2012;Roemer, Orsillo, & Salters-Pedneault, 2008). Four small studies of mindfulness/acceptance-based psychotherapies have shown some reductions in anxiety in ASD samples of adults or adolescents (de Bruin, Blom, Smit, van Steensel, & Bögels, 2014;Kiep, Spek, & Hoeben, 2014;Pahnke, Lundgren, Hursti, & Hirvikoski, 2014;Spek, van Ham, & Nyklíček, 2013), suggesting that impairments in emotional acceptance may indeed be a factor mediating anxiety in ASD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the cognitive mechanisms linking autism symptoms and anxiety in adults.

Maisel¹,

Stephenson²,

South³

et al. 2016

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

105

102

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Emotional acceptance, alexithymia, and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) contribute to anxiety disorders in neurotypical populations. Their association with anxiety in people diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has not been studied. We aimed to model the contributions of these constructs on the relationship between dimensional measures of autism and anxiety.Participants were 151 adults recruited from two sites, including those diagnosed with ASD (n=76) and a matched comparison group (n=75). All participants completed a battery of questionnaires measuring core autism symptoms, anxiety, emotional acceptance, alexithymia, and intolerance of uncertainty. Structural equation modeling with mediation was used to examine directional relationships among these variables. Autism symptoms directly predicted less emotional acceptance and increased alexithymia and IU. Alexithymia and acceptance were shown to explain 64% of the effect between autism symptom severity and anxiety level. This suggests that people with ASD experience increased levels of anxiety because they are more likely to react aversively to their emotional experiences, while lacking the ability to identify and understand their emotions. Developing and implementing mindfulness-based interventions aimed at assuaging alexithymia and IU, while increasing emotional acceptance, may be especially helpful in treating anxiety in ASD.

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“…Although acceptance inductions have been shown to attenuate physiological responding to mild emotional stimuli (e.g., Campbell-Sills et al, 2006;Dan-Glauser & Gross, 2015;Hofmann et al, 2009), these brief inductions are not effective for those inexperienced with acceptance strategies (e.g., Blacker et al, 2012;Evans et al, 2014); for many, acceptance is a skill that takes time to develop (Baer, Carmody, & Hunsinger, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to avoiding, altering, or focusing narrowly on salient negative stimuli, acceptance is an attitude of receptivity and equanimity toward all momentary experiences that allows even stressful stimuli to arise and pass without reactivity. Self-reported acceptance skills are associated with lower physiological and neural stress reactivity (Paul et al, 2013;Shallcross et al, 2013), and emotional acceptance is an effective strategy for regulating negative affect (Kohl et al, 2012) that may dampen physiological reactivity to emotional stimuli (Dan-Glauser & Gross, 2015). To evaluate the importance of acceptance training as a stress reduction mechanism in mindfulness interventions, we report the results of the first three-arm randomized controlled dismantling trial that compares a full mindfulness training program (Monitor+Accept) to a mindfulness training program without acceptance instructions (Monitor Only) and an active placebo controlled program (Coping control).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: Dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial

Lindsay¹,

Young²,

Smyth³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Objective: Mindfulness interventions, which train practitioners to monitor their present-moment experience with a lens of acceptance, are known to buffer stress reactivity. Little is known about the active mechanisms driving these effects. We theorize that acceptance is a critical emotion regulation mechanism underlying mindfulness stress reduction effects. Method:In this three-arm parallel trial, mindfulness components were dismantled into three structurally equivalent 15-lesson smartphone-based interventions: (1) training in both monitoring and acceptance (Monitor+Accept), (2) training in monitoring only (Monitor Only), or (3) active control training (Coping control). 153 stressed adults (mean age = 32 years; 67% female; 53% white, 21.5% black, 21.5% Asian, 4% other race) were randomly assigned to complete one of three interventions. After the intervention, cortisol, blood pressure, and subjective stress reactivity were assessed using a modified Trier Social Stress Test.Results: As predicted, Monitor+Accept training reduced cortisol and systolic blood pressure reactivity compared to Monitor Only and control trainings. Participants in all three conditions reported moderate levels of subjective stress. Conclusions:This study provides the first experimental evidence that brief smartphone mindfulness training can impact stress biology, and that acceptance training drives these effects. We discuss implications for basic and applied research in contemplative science, emotion regulation, stress and coping, health, and clinical interventions.Trial Registration: Clinical Trials NCT02433431

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The temporal dynamics of emotional acceptance: Experience, expression, and physiology

Cited by 72 publications

References 75 publications

Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance: Effects on emotion, physiology, and perceived cognitive costs.

Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance: Effects on emotion, physiology, and perceived cognitive costs.

Modeling the cognitive mechanisms linking autism symptoms and anxiety in adults.

Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: Dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial

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