The synthesis of water soluble cationic microgels by dispersion polymerization: Their performance in kaolin deposition onto fiber

Ondaral, Sedat; Usta, Mustafa; Gümüşderelı́oğlu, Menemşe; Arsu, Nergis; Balta, Demet Karaca

doi:10.1002/app.31665

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the latter two effects predominated over the template effect as the DMD content was further increased. In addition, the optimum intrinsic viscosity was considerably higher in the present study than in previous studies, which indicated the merits of adding a template. The mass ratio between AM and DMD of 7:3 was preferred, considering the charge neutralization performance of TPDA.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 52%

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Preparation, characterization, and flocculation performance ofP(acrylamide‐co‐diallyldimethylammonium chloride) by UV‐initiated template polymerization

Guan

Zheng

Zhai

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study prepared TPDA, a high‐intrinsic‐viscosity cationic polyacrylamide, through ultraviolet (UV)‐initiated template polymerization. Acrylamide (AM) and diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DMD) served as monomers, and poly sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) served as the template. The structure of TPDA was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The synthetic conditions of TPDA were studied and optimized by single‐factor experiments. An optimized product was obtained at an intrinsic viscosity of 11.3 dL g−1 and a conversion rate of 97.2% with a total monomer concentration of 20%, DMD concentration of 30%, initiator concentration of 0.045%, pH of 8, EDTA concentration of 0.3%, and UV irradiation of 90 min. Results showed that TPDA was the copolymer of AM and DMD with a micro‐block structure at the molecular chain. Given its high intrinsic viscosity and cationic block structure, TPDA performed better in kaolin flocculation than that prepared without template addition. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41747.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…To produce PDA, AM and DMD have been polymerized via solution polymerization, disperse polymerization and inverse emulsion polymerization . However, the aforementioned polymerization methods are limited by the random distribution of cationic units in the cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) molecular chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, characterization, and flocculation performance ofP(acrylamide‐co‐diallyldimethylammonium chloride) by UV‐initiated template polymerization

Guan

Zheng

Zhai

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Although acrylamide is a neutral monomer and does not contribute to the overall charge density of the lignin copolymer, this slight increase in charge density is associated with the fact that acrylamide most probably helped cross‐linked DADMAC to lignin . The high reactivity ratio of acrylamide suggests that acrylamide reacts with other acrylamide monomers, whereas DADMAC monomers with a relatively low reactivity ratio have higher tendency to react with acrylamide than with DADMAC monomers . Thus, the higher concentration of acrylamide present in the reaction mixture, the more DADMAC monomer can be incorporated into the copolymer, increasing the overall charge density of the copolymer .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The improvement in the solubility of the lignin copolymer was attributed to the presence of water soluble component on the lignin copolymer backbone, that is, AM and DADMAC. However, the results show that the copolymerization was not sufficiently efficient to make the lignin copolymer 100 % water soluble …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin‐g‐poly(acrylamide)‐g‐poly(diallyldimethyl‐ ammonium chloride): Synthesis, Characterization and Applications

2018

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The search for a renewable substitute to petroleum‐based products has fueled increasing research on lignin, an under‐utilized product from pulping processes. In this work, lignin was copolymerized with acrylamide (AM) and diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) under acidic conditions with Na2S2O8 as an initiator, generating a cationic water‐soluble lignin‐g‐P(AM)‐g‐P(DADMAC) copolymer. The optimal reaction conditions, using a 5×4 factorial design experiment, were determined to be an AM/DADMAC/lignin molar ratio of 5.5:2.4:1, 90 °C, 0.26 mol L−1 of lignin, and pH 2. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the resulting lignin‐g‐P(AM)‐g‐P(DADMAC) copolymer was 83 % soluble in an aqueous solution (at 10 g L−1) and at neutral pH. The copolymer had a charge density of 1.27 meq g−1, molecular weight of (1.33±0.08) ×106, an AM grafting ratio of 112 wt %, and a DADMAC grafting ratio of 20 wt %. In addition, the activation energy for producing this copolymer as well as the thermal and rheological properties of the copolymer were determined. The flocculation performance of lignin‐g‐P(AM)‐g‐P(DADMAC) copolymer was evaluated in a kaolin suspension, which showed that the lignin copolymer had a comparable flocculation efficiency with the synthetic analogue of P(AM)‐g‐P(DADMAC) at pH 6.

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“…Once particles have been formed, they absorbed monomer from the continuous phase and the reaction mainly took place within the particles 6–9. It has been well reported about dispersion polymerization of cationic PAM with poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride), poly(acryloyl‐oxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride), poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐propanesulfonic acid) etc, as the stabilizer 10–14…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion polymerization of acrylamide with water‐soluble chitosan as the stabilizer

Liu

Wang

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A cationic polyelectrolyte of P (CMTC‐AM‐DMC) was synthesized by dispersion polymerization in aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, with acrylamide and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride as main raw materials. N‐carboxymethylthioureidochitosan was used as both the reactant and the stabilizer, and 2,2′‐azobis (2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (V‐50) as the initiator. The effects of the major reaction variables such as the concentration of inorganic salt and initiator, temperature, reaction time, and pH on the polymerization were discussed in this article. The optimal conditions of the polymerization were determined by orthogonal tests. The results showed that an increase in salt concentration resulted in an increase of molecular weight and particle size and a decrease of apparent viscosity, while when salt concentration was up to 23.9%, apparent viscosity was slightly higher than others. Molecular weight, particle size, and apparent viscosity all decreased with the increase of initiator. The apparent viscosity, molecular weight, and particle size would decrease with pH, and the product would be coagulated when pH > 7. Temperature influenced the characteristic a lot. Overall conversion was less dependent on these factors except for the temperature. Molecular weight and overall conversion increased gradually with the time, and the monomers could react completely at about 5–7 h. Flocculation occurred with 13% of salt concentration, 0.005% of initiator, and pH > 7. The optimal reaction conditions for obtaining a stable aqueous dispersion were 22.3% for ammonium chloride, 0.007% for initiator, react under 55 °C for 5 h at pH = 4. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

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The synthesis of water soluble cationic microgels by dispersion polymerization: Their performance in kaolin deposition onto fiber

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Preparation, characterization, and flocculation performance ofP(acrylamide‐co‐diallyldimethylammonium chloride) by UV‐initiated template polymerization

Preparation, characterization, and flocculation performance ofP(acrylamide‐co‐diallyldimethylammonium chloride) by UV‐initiated template polymerization

Lignin‐g‐poly(acrylamide)‐g‐poly(diallyldimethyl‐ ammonium chloride): Synthesis, Characterization and Applications

Dispersion polymerization of acrylamide with water‐soluble chitosan as the stabilizer

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