The synthesis of poly(vinyl chloride) nanocomposite films containing ZrO₂ nanoparticles modified with vitamin B₁ with the aim of improving the mechanical, thermal and optical properties

Abstract

In the present investigation, solution casting method was used for the preparation of nanocomposite (NC) films. At first, the surface of ZrO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was modified with vitamin B1 (VB1) as a bioactive coupling agent to achieve a better dispersion and compatibility of NPs within the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix. The grafting of modifier on the surface of ZrO2 was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Finally, the resulting modified ZrO2 (ZrO2–VB1), was used as a nano-filler and incorporated into the PVC matrix to improve its mechanical and thermal properties. These processes were carried out under ultrasonic irradiation conditions, which is an economical and eco-friendly method. The effect of ZrO2–VB1 on the properties and morphology of the PVC matrix was characterized by various techniques. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses showed a good dispersion of fillers into the PVC matrix with the average diameter of 37–40 nm. UV–Vis spectroscopy was used to study optical behavior of the obtained NC films. TGA analysis has confirmed the presence of about 7 wt% VB1 on the surface of ZrO2. Also, the data indicated that the thermal and mechanical properties of the NC films were enhanced.

Facile synthesis of platelet‐like zirconium tungstate nanostructures for high‐performance supercapacitors

“…The important characteristic peaks of ZrW 2 O 8 NPs appeared in the frequency region between 400 and 1000 cm −1 were ascribed to Zr‐O, W‐O, and W‐O‐W deformation mode of vibration. The frequency of W‐O bond was noted at 866 cm −1 and for Zr‐O bond, it was ascribed to 518 cm −1 and 774 cm −1 , which proved the perfect formation of ZrW 2 O 8 NPs 35 . Moreover, the appearance of a strong stretching band at 670 cm −1 was indicative of O‐W‐O stretching related to WO 4 tetrahedron 19,35,36 .…”

“…The frequency of W-O bond was noted at 866 cm À1 and for Zr-O bond, it was ascribed to 518 cm À1 and 774 cm À1 , which proved the perfect formation of ZrW 2 O 8 NPs. 35 Moreover, the appearance of a strong stretching band at 670 cm À1 was indicative of O-W-O stretching related to WO 4 tetrahedron. 19,35,36 Furthermore, FTIR spectra recorded for the series of ZrW 2 O 8 NPs prepared under similar optimized conditions was given in Figure S1.…”

“…35 Moreover, the appearance of a strong stretching band at 670 cm À1 was indicative of O-W-O stretching related to WO 4 tetrahedron. 19,35,36 Furthermore, FTIR spectra recorded for the series of ZrW 2 O 8 NPs prepared under similar optimized conditions was given in Figure S1. The peak position and structural vibration of each spectral line closely resemble with one another, which indicates the reliability of the synthetic procedure.…”

Retrospective, Perspective and Prospective of B-Complex Vitamins: Encapsulation of Vitamins and Release from Vitamin-Loaded Polymers

“…Many studies on polymer-based metal oxide nanocomposites have been conducted. In this respect, Mallakpour and Shafiee synthesized ZrO 2 /PVC nanocomposite films via the solvent casting method [38]. Vitamin B 1 (thiamin) has been used as a ligand for ZrO 2 NPs due to the many functional groups such as amino and hydroxyl groups.…”

High-k Polymer Nanocomposite Materials for Technological Applications

“…By the addition of various plasticizers, the mechanical stiffness and electrical permanence of PVC can be altered [96]. Even with the doping of modified inorganic nanoparticles, the fine-tuning of dielectric properties can be done and used to design high-performance actuators [70,97,98]. Some reports also demonstrate that the graphene oxide and plasticizer doping to PVC behaves as a soft actuator for artificial muscle applications [99][100][101].…”