High-k Polymer Nanocomposite Materials for Technological Applications

Abstract

Understanding the properties of small molecules or monomers is decidedly important. The efforts of synthetic chemists and material engineers must be appreciated because of their knowledge of how utilize the properties of synthetic fragments in constructing long-chain macromolecules. Scientists active in this area of macromolecular science have shared their knowledge of catalysts, monomers and a variety of designed nanoparticles in synthetic techniques that create all sorts of nanocomposite polymer stuffs. Such materials are now an integral part of the contemporary world. Polymer nanocomposites with high dielectric constant (high-k) properties are widely applicable in the technological sectors including gate dielectrics, actuators, infrared detectors, tunable capacitors, electro optic devices, organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), and sensors. In this short colloquy, we provided an overview of a few remarkable high-k polymer nanocomposites of material science interest from recent decades.

Influence of Ferroelectric Filler Size and Clustering on the Electrical Properties of (Ag–BaTiO3)–PVDF Sub-Percolative Hybrid Composites

“…Therefore, a route to fulfil both conditions is to find combinations of suitable materials in composites. In this sense, a wide range of composites based on polymer matrices ensure flexibility, high insulation (large band gap), and high breakdown fields, filled with high permittivity complex oxide inclusions; for example, ferroelectrics as BaTiO 3 (BT) and its solid solutions, Pb­(Zr, Ti)­O 3 , and so forth have been proposed in the past years. , Polymer–inorganic hybrids produced from solution-based technologies have the advantage of using a low thermal budget and easy processing steps as well as the possibility to be implemented in printing technologies, providing flexible components and circuits compliant with non-planar surfaces, easy integration, and low weight. Among the proposed polymer matrices, ferroelectric PVDF or its copolymers such as P­(VDF-TrFE) compounds are the most studied, due to their ferro-, piezo-, and pyroelectric character found in specific molecular arrangements, thus being interesting for flexible pressure and temperature sensors and for their hysteretic polarization switching properties (memory effect), magnetoelectric properties when filled with magnetic particles, and so forth. , Higher permittivity with respect to those of the pure polymers (ε r of a few units) is also required in flexible mechanical or thermal energy-harvesting applications developed in capacitive configurations, in which the device should first store the collected piezo-, pyro-, or triboelectric generated charges, which is further used by an external circuit.…”

Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Metal Hybrid Nanocomposites - A Short Review

“…Because of their superior characteristics and higher surface area, polymer nanocomposites are chosen over polymer composites with traditional conductive fillers. Metal oxide nanoparticles are frequently employed as an inorganic filler for polymer nanocomposites because of their remarkable electrical, magnetic, thermal, gas-sensing, and catalytic capabilities [43]. The polymer-metal oxide nanocomposites are an attractive material for creating a variety of applications, including rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, electronic, and electrochemical devices.…”

Epoxy-Nanoceramic Composites for 5G Antennas

“…The real component (ε′) is the dielectric constant (the amount of electrical energy that can be stored in a material from an external electric field), while the imaginary component (jε′′) is the dielectric loss (the measure of how much of electrical energy loss due to an external electric field). The loss tangent is mathematically represented as a ratio of the imaginary component to the real component of permittivity [22][23][24].…”