“…In addition to using communication behaviors such as immediacy (Burroughs, 2007), self-disclosure (Mazer, Murphy, & Simonds, 2007) or humor (Frymier, Wanzer, & Wojtaszczyk, 2008) to facilitate learning, instructors can communicate learning expectations through course materials and how course activities are structured. Thompson (2007) observes that a course syllabus' written content and how it is presented to students are instructional opportunities. Instructional scholars in communication and across disciplines advocate student engagement with course material via case studies (Johnson & Iacobucci, 1995), simulations (Lederman, Stewart, & Russ, 2007), problem-based learning (Allen & Rooney, 1998), and other methods.…”