The Sustainable Role of the Tree in Environmental Protection Technologies

Baltrėnaitė, Edita; Baltrėnas, Pranas; Lietuvninkas, Arvydas

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25477-7

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The reduction ranged between 35% (Mn) and 52% (Cd). By contrast, Baltrėnaitė et al, (2016), whose focus was uptake by plant tissues only, found that the effectiveness of Birch for the purification of a sewagesludge polluted soil was 0.2-0.3% per year (<4.2% across 14 years) for Mn and Zn but only 0.04-0.07% per year for Cu and Pb (<0.98% across 14 years) while that for Alder reached only 0.01-0.04% per year for Cu, Mn and Pb (<0.6% across 14 years). Clearly, there is more involved in metal decontamination than simply the planted trees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Phytoremediation: Metal decontamination of soils after the sequential forestation of former opencast coal land

Desai

Haigh

Walkington

2019

Science of The Total Environment

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Forest phytoremediation through forestry may be an effective means for reducing the metal loading in lands reclaimed after surface-coal-mining in the UK. Planted with mixed woodland, soil loadings of 5 key metals (Zn, Cd, Mn, Pb and Cu) decreased, significantly and progressively, compared to soils left as grassland, through a 14 year forestation chronosequence on land reclaimed from the former Varteg opencast coalmine, South Wales, UK. Fourteen years after initial tree planting, soil metal loadings decreased by 52% for Cd (4.3 mg.kg-1 per year), 48% for Cu (2.1 mg.kg-1 per year), 47% for Zn (7.3 mg.kg-1 per year), 44% for Pb. (7.1 mg.kg-1 per year) and 35% for Mn (45 mg.kg-1 per year). Analysis of metal loadings in the leaves of Alnus glutinosa (L. Gaertn) (Common Alder) and Betula pendula (Roth) (Silver Birch) found both species involved in metal uptake with birch taking up more Cd, Cu, Zn and Mn and Alder taking up more Pb. Concentrations of Zn, Mn and Cd (Birch only) increased significantly in leaves from, but not soils under, older plantings. Since different tree species take up metals at different rates, mixed plantings may be more effective in forest phytoremediation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Phytoremediation: Metal decontamination of soils after the sequential forestation of former opencast coal land

Desai

Haigh

Walkington

2019

Science of The Total Environment

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“…When the BET method for determining the specific biochar surface area was used (see Baltrėnaitė et al, 2016a), the obtained larger value was even higher (about 291 m 2 /g), because this method can access the contribution of micropores, rather than macro-and mesopores in the specific surface area of the material. Although this surface area, similar to that of biochar obtained from the widely known Giant miscanthus (360 m 2 /g) (Lee et al, 2013), is several times smaller than that of activated carbon (although the price of wood biochar can be up to 4 times lower than that of activated carbon [personal communications]), it is considerably higher than that of biochar obtained from some popular bioproducts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biochar-based medium in the biofiltration system: Removal efficiency, microorganism propagation, and the medium penetration modeling

Baltrėnas

Baltrėnaitė

Kleiza

et al. 2016

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Biofiltration is a method of biological treatment belonging to cleaner technologies because it does not produce secondary air pollutants, but helps to integrate natural processes in microorganisms for decomposing volatile air pollutants and solving odor problems. The birch wood biochar has been chosen as a principal material for biofilter bed medium. The experiments were conducted at the temperatures of 24, 28, and 32°C, while the concentration of acetone, xylene, and ammonium reached 300 mg/m 3 and the flow rate was 100 m 3 /hr. Before passing through the stage of the experimental research into the packing material inside biofilters, microorganisms were introduced. Four strains of microorganisms (including micromycetes Aspergillus versicolor BF-4 and Cladosporium herbarum 7KA, as well as yeast Exophiala sp. BF1 and bacterium Bacillus subtilis B20) were selected. At the inlet loading rate of 120 g/m 3 /hr, the highest elimination capacity of xylene in the biochar-based biofilter with the inoculated medium was 103 g/m 3 /hr, whereas that of ammonia was 102 g/m 3 /hr and that of acetone was 97 g/m 3 /hr, respectively. The maximum removal efficiency reached 86%, 85%, and 81%, respectively. The temperature condition (though characterized by some rapid changes) can hardly have a considerable influence on the biological effect (i.e., microbiological activity) of biofiltration; however, it can cause the changes in physical properties (e.g., solubility) of the investigated compounds.Implications: The birch biochar can be successfully used in the biofiltration system for propagation of inoculated microorganisms, biodegrading acetone, xylene, and ammonia. At the inlet loading rate of 120 g/m 3 /hr, the highest elimination capacity of xylene was 103 g/m 3 /hr, that of ammonia was 102 g/m 3 /hr, and that of acetone was 97 g/m 3 /hr, respectively. The morphological structure of biochar can be affected by the aggressive air contaminants, causing the change in the medium specific surface area, which is one of the factors controlling the biofilter performance. Although biological effects in biofiltration are typically considered to be more important than physical effects, the former may be more important for compounds with high Henry's Law coefficient values, and the biofilter design should thus provide conditions for better compound absorption.PAPER HISTORY

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“…Properties of wood, that can influence the adsorption of metals, include lignin, water content, mineral composition, morphology and pore structure. In comparison to the other types of waste, the woody feedstock results in higher yield of biochar due to higher lignin content (Baltrėnaitė et al 2016b(Baltrėnaitė et al , 2016c.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Modification with FeCl3 and MgCl2 on Adsorption Characteristics of Woody Biochar

Chemerys

Baltrėnaitė²

2017

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"

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Abstract. Due to high specific surface area, well-developed porous structure and surface functionality biochar has a potential for being used as low-cost adsorbent for adsorption of organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions. Higher adsorption capacity and selectivity for metals could be further developed after modification of properties of biochar through physical ("designed biochar") and chemical ("engineered biochar") modification techniques. Wood waste of three types [aspen (Populus tremula L.), pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and fir (Picea abies L.)] were selected to produce the biochar under slow pyrolysis conditions at 450 °C for 2 h with the heating rate of 10 °C/min. Mg and Fe-particles, acting as potential sorption sites for adsorption of metals, were added into the biochar through modification of the biochar with metal salts MgCl2 and FeCl3. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of chemical modifications of woody biochar with MgCl2 and FeCl3 on the adsorption characteristics of the biochar. The engineered biochar with improved physico-chemical and sorptive properties was evaluated as potential adsorbent of metals from aqueous solutions. Such characteristics of the biochar, as density, porosity, pH, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, moisture content, ash content, water holding capacity, total organic carbon were analyzed. Modifications followed by increasing of moisture and ash content. While carrying out the future adsorption experiment, significantly decreased pH and electrical conductivity of the engineered biochar should be taken into account. Increased cation exchange capacity of the engineered biochar promotes enhanced adsorption of metals.

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The Sustainable Role of the Tree in Environmental Protection Technologies

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Phytoremediation: Metal decontamination of soils after the sequential forestation of former opencast coal land

Phytoremediation: Metal decontamination of soils after the sequential forestation of former opencast coal land

A biochar-based medium in the biofiltration system: Removal efficiency, microorganism propagation, and the medium penetration modeling

Effect of Modification with FeCl3 and MgCl2 on Adsorption Characteristics of Woody Biochar

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