Effect of Modification with FeCl3 and MgCl2 on Adsorption Characteristics of Woody Biochar

Abstract

Abstract. Due to high specific surface area, well-developed porous structure and surface functionality biochar has a potential for being used as low-cost adsorbent for adsorption of organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions. Higher adsorption capacity and selectivity for metals could be further developed after modification of properties of biochar through physical ("designed biochar") and chemical ("engineered biochar") modification techniques. Wood waste of three types [aspen (Populus tremula L.), pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and fir (Picea abies L.)] were selected to produce the biochar under slow pyrolysis conditions at 450 °C for 2 h with the heating rate of 10 °C/min. Mg and Fe-particles, acting as potential sorption sites for adsorption of metals, were added into the biochar through modification of the biochar with metal salts MgCl2 and FeCl3. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of chemical modifications of woody biochar with MgCl2 and FeCl3 on the adsorption characteristics of the biochar. The engineered biochar with improved physico-chemical and sorptive properties was evaluated as potential adsorbent of metals from aqueous solutions. Such characteristics of the biochar, as density, porosity, pH, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, moisture content, ash content, water holding capacity, total organic carbon were analyzed. Modifications followed by increasing of moisture and ash content. While carrying out the future adsorption experiment, significantly decreased pH and electrical conductivity of the engineered biochar should be taken into account. Increased cation exchange capacity of the engineered biochar promotes enhanced adsorption of metals.

Research on the Preparation of Biochar from Waste and Its Application in Environmental Remediation

“…Metal salts or metal oxides can be modified in two ways: (1) by mixing them with raw materials and then synthesising the biochar, and (2) by preparing the biochar first and then soaking the biochar with metal salts or metal oxides [2]. Some experiments have used ferric chloride and magnesium chloride to modify woody biochar, and the modified biochar has an enhanced cation exchange capacity and an increased number of oxygen-containing functional groups, resulting in the enhanced adsorption of the metals [69].…”