The Susceptibility of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) to Simulated Mesotrione Residues as Affected by Soil pH Manipulation

Abstract

Variations in soil pH have been shown to affect mesotrione adsorption, which in turn, may have an impact on crop susceptibility. Therefore, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of simulated mesotrione residues on pea crop grown in the typical agricultural soil (gleysol) of north-western Croatia. The soil pH was manipulated to obtain neutral (pH 7.0) and acidic (pH 5.0) values. Simulated mesotrione residues were 1.1, 2.3, 4.5, 9.0, 18, 36 and 72 g a.i. ha−1. Crop visual injuries as well as reductions in chlorophyll fluorescence and aboveground dry biomass were higher at pH 7.0 than at pH 5.0. With increasing mesotrione residues, the reductions in chlorophyll fluorescence ranged from 38.8% to 89.7% at pH 5.0 and from 63.7% to 99.3% at pH 7.0. Compared to chlorophyll fluorescence, the reductions in dry biomass were smaller and ranged from 49.2% to 96.8% at pH 7.0 and from 32.0% to 82.6% at pH 5.0 for the mesotrione residues from 1.1 to 72 g a.i. ha−1. These results indicate that soil pH is an important factor determining the susceptibility of pea crop to simulated mesotrione residues.

Soil solution pH can affect the response of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to mesotrione residues

“…All samples were collected using a probe (Split Tube Sampler, Ø 53 mm, Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, The Netherlands). The soil was identified (Pintar 2020a) as silty clay loam and consisted of sand (1.1%), silt (59.6%), clay (39.3%), soil organic carbon (2.5%), and calcium carbonate (2.5%) at a pH of 7.5 (water; H 2 O) and 7.04 (potassium chloride; KCl). The mechanical soil properties, soil organic carbon, and soil pH were determined according to the ISO 11277 (2004), ISO 14235 (2004), and 10390 (2005, respectively.…”

“…After being dried at room temperature for 72 h, soil (200 g per container) was filled into a total of 144 plastic containers (volume, 0.4 L; diameter, 10 cm; depth, 4-5 cm). Reduced rates of mesotrione (Callisto 480 SC®, Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Basel, Switzerland), referred to as simulated mesotrione rates (SMRs) (Pintar et al 2021), were applied using a TLC sprayer (CAMAG®, Muttenz, Switzerland). After dilution in distilled water, mesotrione was applied at the following rates (in g a.i.…”

“…In field experiments, it is difficult to assess the influence of specific pedoclimatic factors on mesotrione adsorption, as well as their subsequent phytotoxic effects on crops in rotation. A recent study proposed that the potential phytotoxic effects of mesotrione on plants can be determined by irrigating the soil with water solutions of different pH (Pintar et al 2021). Based on this approach, the present study hypothesised that the common bean can be used as a suitable test crop to evaluate the herbicidal effects of different mesotrione treatments.…”