The surprising world of cyanobacteria: cylindrospermopsin has a soil face

Rzymski, Piotr; Poniedziałek, Barbara

doi:10.1111/jpy.12358

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Therefore, it was not possible to assess species toxicity changes in response to temperature. For example, invasive C. raciborskii spread in Africa, Asia, Australia and Europe but despite wide distribution in the latter continent no CYN-producing strains have been detected [ 61 ]. Likely, our studied alien species toxin production was not assessed and could be expected to increase in the future due to rise in temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Increased Temperature on Native and Alien Nuisance Cyanobacteria from Temperate Lakes: An Experimental Approach

Savadova

Mazur‐Marzec

Karosienė

et al. 2018

Toxins

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In response to global warming, an increase in cyanobacterial blooms is expected. In this work, the response of two native species of Planktothrix agardhii and Aphanizomenon gracile, as well as the response of two species alien to Europe—Chrysosporum bergii and Sphaerospermopsis aphanizomenoides—to gradual temperature increase was tested. The northernmost point of alien species distribution in the European continent was recorded. The tested strains of native species were favoured at 20–28 °C. Alien species acted differently along temperature gradient and their growth rate was higher than native species. Temperature range of optimal growth rate for S. aphanizomenoides was similar to native species, while C. bergii was favoured at 26–30 °C but sensitive at 18–20 °C. Under all tested temperatures, non-toxic strains of the native cyanobacteria species prevailed over the toxic ones. In P. agardhii, the decrease in concentration of microcystins and other oligopeptides with the increasing temperature was related to higher growth rate. However, changes in saxitoxin concentration in A. gracile under different temperatures were not detected. Accommodating climate change perspectives, the current work showed a high necessity of further studies of temperature effect on distribution and toxicity of both native and alien cyanobacterial species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Increased Temperature on Native and Alien Nuisance Cyanobacteria from Temperate Lakes: An Experimental Approach

Savadova

Mazur‐Marzec

Karosienė

et al. 2018

Toxins

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“…However, CYN was later confirmed to be produced by a number of other freshwater filamentous species belonging to the Nostocales and Oscillatoriales orders [3]. More recently, the terrestrial Hormoscilla pringsheimi was identified to be capable of CYN production [72,73]. To date, four other naturally occurring analogues have been identified in cyanobacteria: 7-epi-CYN, 7-deoxy-CYN, 7-deoxy-sulfate-CYN, and -deoxy-desulfo-12-CYN [74,75], with CYN being the most toxic.…”

Section: Cylindrospermopsin (Cyn)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Study of Cyanotoxins in Paleolimnological Research: Current Knowledge and Future Needs

Henao

Rzymski

Waters

2019

Toxins

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Cyanobacterial metabolites are increasingly studied, in regards to their biosynthesis, ecological role, toxicity, and potential biomedical applications. However, the history of cyanotoxins prior to the last few decades is virtually unknown. Only a few paleolimnological studies have been undertaken to date, and these have focused exclusively on microcystins and cylindrospermopsins, both successfully identified in lake sediments up to 200 and 4700 years old, respectively. In this paper, we review direct extraction, quantification, and application of cyanotoxins in sediment cores, and put forward future research prospects in this field. Cyanobacterial toxin research is also compared to other paleo-cyanobacteria tools, such as sedimentary pigments, akinetes, and ancient DNA isolation, to identify the role of each tool in reproducing the history of cyanobacteria. Such investigations may also be beneficial for further elucidation of the biological role of cyanotoxins, particularly if coupled with analyses of other abiotic and biotic sedimentary features. In addition, we identify current limitations as well as future directions for applications in the field of paleolimnological studies on cyanotoxins. Key Contribution:This review provides updated information on paleolimnological studies of cyanotoxins and highlights their value for the understanding of the history and occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria, as well as understanding the potential environmental drivers of cyanotoxin production.Toxins 2020, 12, 6 2 of 15 of cylindrospermopsin production also exist [3]. These timescales imply that cyanobacterial toxins play ecological role(s) other than grazer defense, and that their toxicity towards zooplankton may only be an indirect effect of their production and release into the water column. Cyanotoxin biological function still remains a subject of debate and various hypotheses, derived mostly from experimental observations, on their potential intra-and extracellular roles have been put forward [1,[12][13][14].Like the ecological role of cyanobacterial metabolites, the environmental triggers causing toxin production lack definite identification in experimental and monitoring investigations. Nutrients, frequently associated with cultural eutrophication (nitrogen and phosphorus) in freshwaters, have been identified as key drivers of toxin production [15], but cyanobacteria in selected hypereutrophic systems do not produce cyanotoxins [1]. Nutrients that generally have less influence on trophic state in freshwater ecosystems, such as S and Fe, have also been associated with toxin occurrence [16], as have changes in N/P ratios [15]. Biological drivers, such as zooplankton grazing pressure and allelopathy [1], have been linked to cyanobacteria toxin production; along with abiotic factors, such as temperature and light intensity [17,18]. While recent genetic, experimental, and monitoring efforts have provided extensive knowledge of cyanobacterial metabolites, placing these data into a historic context and determining whether toxi...

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“…including Aphanizomenon ovalisporum, Raphidiopsis curvata and terrestrial strain of Hormoscilla pringsheimii (Figure 1). 7,8,9,10 The reasons behind its production are yet to be fully elucidated though the toxin is known to be actively released from intact cells, to up-regulate alkaline phosphatase in sympatric phytoplankton and to contribute to allelopathic interactions. 11 Previous studies have attempted to link the activity of CYN 1 to specific functional groups within the molecule, most notably a study by Sukenik who proposed that the uracil group was partially responsible for its potent toxic activity, reasoning that there might be competitive or inhibitory binding to a catalytic site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic analogues of cyanobacterial alkaloid cylindrospermopsin and their toxicological activity

Cartmell

Evans

Elwood

et al. 2017

Toxicology in Vitro

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a naturally occurring alkaloid produced by a variety of cyanobacteria and known to induce oxidative stress-mediated toxicity in eukaryotic cells. Despite extensive research on the mechanism of CYN toxicity, an understanding of the structural features responsible for this toxicity and the mechanism by which it can enter the cell are still not clear. It was established that the presence of both the uracil and guanidine groups is essential in biological activity of CYN whilst not much is known in this regard on the role of tether that separates them and the attached hydroxyl group. Therefore, in the present study we have prepared three synthetic analogues possessing uracil and guanidine groups separated by a variable length tether (4-6 carbons) and containing a hydroxyl function in a position orientation to CYN, together with a tetracyclic analogue of CYN lacking the hydroxyl group at C-7. The toxicity of these compounds was then compared with CYN and guanidinoacetate (GAA; the primary substrate in CYN biosynthesis) in an in vitro model using human neutrophils isolated from healthy subjects. The lowest activity measured by means of reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation and cell death was observed for GAA and the tetracyclic analogue. The greatest toxicity was found in an analogue with a 6-carbon tether, but all three analogues and CYN caused rapid onset of redox imbalance. These results add to the general understanding of CYN toxicity and preliminary findings suggest that the -OH group at C-7 may be significant for the cellular transport of CYN and/or be involved in its toxic activity inside the cell, a hypothesis which requires further testing.

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The surprising world of cyanobacteria: cylindrospermopsin has a soil face

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of Increased Temperature on Native and Alien Nuisance Cyanobacteria from Temperate Lakes: An Experimental Approach

Effect of Increased Temperature on Native and Alien Nuisance Cyanobacteria from Temperate Lakes: An Experimental Approach

A Review on the Study of Cyanotoxins in Paleolimnological Research: Current Knowledge and Future Needs

Synthetic analogues of cyanobacterial alkaloid cylindrospermopsin and their toxicological activity

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