The Surgical Variations of Pulmonary Infections Caused by Different Species of Mycobacteria

A Rabbit Model to Study Antibiotic Penetration at the Site of Infection for Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease: Macrolide Case Study

“…As seen in TB, necrotic lesions have also been found in the lymph nodes of NTM-PD patients, particularly in those with HIV (9). Cavities in NTM-PD are similar to pulmonary TB cavities with subtle differences such as a thinner fibrotic wall as detected by computed tomography (10)(11)(12) and enhanced associated pleural thickening (13). Although cavitary disease is overall less frequent in NTM-PD than TB patients (14), the presence of large cavities is associated with disease progression leading to respiratory failure and high mortality rate (15).…”

“…Surgical resections, which have been practiced since the 1960s until today, when disease is localized, show gross and histopathologic findings identical to the manifestation usually associated with typical M. tuberculosis infection (13,19). Histology and acid-fast stains of resected cavities have revealed bacterial aggregates or heaps along the inner wall of cavities (8,20,21).…”