The supratemporal system and the pattern of ramification of cephalic sensory canals in Denticeps clupeoides (Denticipitoidei, Teleostei): additional evidence for monophyly of Clupeiformes and Clupeoidei

Abstract

The cephalic portions of the latero-sensory canal system in Denticeps clupeoides are described and analyzed. The species, a small herring-like fish from relictual West African streams, is the most primitive living clupeomorph and sole Recent representative of suborder Denticipitoidei. As sister group to over 360 species in Clupeoidei, Denticeps is a key taxon in understanding clupeomorph and lower teleostean relationships. Observations on recently-collected specimens of Denticeps clupeoides revealed comparatively-important and previously-unrecorded details of the cephalic latero-sensory canals which are relevant for understanding relationships at different levels in clupeomorph phylogeny. The infraorbital, supraorbital, preopercular, extrascapular and post-temporal canals of Denticeps have unbranched tubules in soft tissue, as in the hypothesized plesiomorphic condition for lower teleosts. Contrastingly, the presence of a complex network formed by a high order of branching of cephalic canals is hypothesized as a synapomorphy of the Clupeoidei. Denticeps and the Clupeoidei share an exclusive sensory branch that originates at the junction between the extrascapular bone and the recessus lateralis, here hypothesized as an additional synapomorphy of Clupeiformes. A supratemporal system is newly recorded in Denticeps, and the character is proposed as a synapomorphy of Clupeiformes, and not of Clupeoidei as previously thought. The hypothesis that the supratemporal system is homologous to the supraorbital cavern is refuted, and the latter is corroborated as an autapomorphy of Denticeps. Another autapomorphy of Denticeps (or Denticipitoidei) is the presence of the postorbital bulla, a hitherto unrecorded specialization of the infraorbital canal associated with infraorbitals 4 and 5. Homologies of other tubules of the cephalic sensory canals in Denticeps are also discussed, with emphasis on their bearing on the recognition of homologies of infraorbital bones in Denticeps and other lower teleosts. In general, data from the cephalic latero-sensory system corroborate Denticeps as the sister group to all other Recent clupeomorphs, and provide additional support for the monophyly of Clupeoidei and Clupeiformes.<br>As porções cefálicas do sistema de canais látero-sensoriais em Denticeps clupeoides são descritas e analisadas. A espécie, uma pequena sardinha com distribuição restrita a poucos riachos relictuais na África Ocidental, é o mais primitivo Clupeomorpha vivente, e único representante Recente da subordem Denticipitoidei. Como grupo irmão das mais de 360 espécies incluídas em Clupeoidei, Denticeps é um táxon-chave no entendimento das relações filogenéticas em Clupeomorpha e outros Teleostei inferiores. Observações com base em espécimes recentemente coletados de Denticeps clupeoides revelaram detalhes inéditos e comparativamente importantes dos canais látero-sensoriais cefálicos, relevantes para o entendimento de relações em diferentes níveis da filogenia de Clupeomorpha. Os canais infraorbital, supraorbital, preopercular, ...

Paraclupea seilacheri sp. nov., un arenque de doble armadura (Clupeomorpha, Ellimmichthyiformes) de las calizas albianas de la cantera Tlayúa, Puebla, México

“…Nomenclature and anatomical abbreviations used in this paper and listed in the figure captions follow Grande (1982Grande ( , 1985, Forey et al (2003), Di Dario (2004, and Di Dario and de Pinna (2006). the species names were abbreviated with the first two letters; the specific names were omitted in the monospecific genera).…”

Ultrasound detection in the Gulf menhaden requires gas-filled bullae and an intact lateral line

“…Segmentation and threedimensional (3D) reconstructions of micro-CT images were performed using AMIRA 4.1.2 (Mercury Computer Systems, San Diego, CA, USA). Labelling the structures of the acousticolateralis system followed previously published studies Dario and Pinna, 2006;Denton and Blaxter, 1976;.…”

Canais e poros do sistema látero-sensorial cefálico de Characiformes (Ostariophysi): anatomia e seu significado filogenético

“…Allis, 1889Allis, , 1903Allis, , 1904Guitel, 1891;Herrick, 1899;Clapp, 1899;Pehrson, 1944;Saxena, 1966;Nelson, 1972;Gardiner, 1984;Asaoka, 2011). Além disso, caracteres relacionados ao sistema látero-sensorial também têm sido amplamente utilizados como fonte de informações cladísticas em grupos distintos de peixes (Nelson, 1972;Lundberg, 1975;Fink & Fink, 1981;Arratia & Huaquín, 1995;Webb, 1998;Di Dario, 2004;Di Dario & de Pinna, 2006;Sidlauskas & Vari, 2008;Stephens, 2010).…”

“…canal que continua posterior à formação do recessus lateralis), foram descritas por Stephens (1985) (Stephens, 1985). Tal ramo, segundo Di Dario & de Pinna (2006), seria um dos poucos que poderiam ter sua homologia corretamente certificada dentre os Clupeiformes, pois compartilhava entre estes peixes um landmark topográfico, ou seja, se originava entre os mesmos ossos do crânio. De acordo com Di Dario & de Pinna (2006), em uma análise compreendendo clupeiformes e diferentes táxons incluidos em um extenso grupoexterno, nenhum túbulo e poro semelhante a este foi encontrado fora de Clupeomorpha, levando os autores a concluírem que a presença do ramo posterior do recessus lateralis (ou ramo #53) seria uma sinapomorfia de tal clado.…”