The Summertime Low-Level Jet over the Gulf of California

Douglas, Michael W.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1995)123<2334:tslljo>2.0.co;2

Cited by 119 publications

(110 citation statements)

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“…The shallow depth of a gulf surge (Douglas 1995), and lack of upper-air data near the northern end of the Gulf of California, makes the routine identification of surge events dependent entirely upon surface data. In particular, Stensrud et al (1997) show that surge events can be identified using surface data from Yuma.…”

Section: Identification Of Surgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, Stensrud et al (1997) show that surge events can be identified using surface data from Yuma. Thus, hourly surface observations from Yuma are used to diagnose the occurrence of gulf surges during the months of July and August from 1979 through 1993, 1 the two months when the monsoon season is most active (Douglas et al 1993). Yuma is located in the far southwestern corner of Arizona (32.67ЊN,114.60ЊW) at an elevation of 63 m above mean sea level, and is located approximately 100 km north of the northern end of the Gulf of California (Fig.…”

Section: Identification Of Surgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rainfall in northwestern Mexico during the months of July through September accounts for between 60% and 80% of the total annual rainfall, while rainfall in Arizona for these same months accounts for over 40% of the total annual rainfall (Douglas et al 1993). Deep convection during the monsoon season produces frequent damaging surface winds and flash flooding and is a difficult forecast problem (Dunn and Horel 1994;McCollum et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Tropical Easterly Waves and Surges over the Gulf of California during the North American Monsoon

Fuller¹,

Stensrud²

2000

Mon. Wea. Rev.

107

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Coastally trapped disturbances, which occur over the Gulf of California and are commonly referred to as gulf surges, are an important mechanism in the transport of low-level moisture into the southwestern United States. To determine whether or not gulf surges develop in association with the passage of tropical easterly waves, as hypothesized in previous studies, standard surface observations and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data during the months of July and August over a 14-yr period are examined. Results indicate that tropical easterly wave troughs often cross western Mexico 1-3 days prior to surge onset at Yuma, Arizona, indicating a strong correlation between these two events. This analysis documents yet another mechanism by which the Tropics influences convection in the midlatitudes.

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Section: Identification Of Surgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of Surgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Relationship between Tropical Easterly Waves and Surges over the Gulf of California during the North American Monsoon

Fuller¹,

Stensrud²

2000

Mon. Wea. Rev.

107

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“…The barrier jet (Schwerdtfeger, 1979;Parish, 1982;Li and Chen, 1998) is another example of an LLJ; here the wind is in a direction parallel to the barrier and is near-geostrophic. Another type of LLJs are the ones found offshore in coastal regions (Zemba and Friehe, 1987;Doyle and Warner, 1991;Douglas, 1995;Burk and Thompson, 1996;Holt, 1996;Parish, 2000). These are generally termed Coastal Low-Level Jets (CLLJs) and are the focus of this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution and seasonal variability of coastal low-level jets derived from ERA-Interim reanalysis

Ranjha

Svensson

Tjernström

et al. 2013

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

157

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A B S T R A C TA low-level wind maximum is often found over the oceans near many coasts around the world. These Coastal Low-Level Jets (CLLJs) play an important role in the coastal weather and have significant impacts on regional climate and ecology as well as on a number of human activities. The presence of CLLJs is related to various local circumstances such as land-sea temperature contrasts, upwelling, coastal terrain, orientation of the coast, and so on, but also to the large-scale atmospheric dynamics. This makes studies of CLLJs not only interesting but also challenging. In this study, based on ERA-Interim reanalysis data, the global distribution, spatiotemporal structure and the seasonal variability of CLLJs are documented. Seasonal data from 1980 to 2011 are used to identify areas where CLLJs are frequently found in the lowest 2 km, following criteria based on the vertical profiles of wind speed and temperature. The results are analysed to highlight the fundamental aspects and distinctive features of the CLLJs across the globe, including their occurrence rate, jet height, maximum wind speed and horizontal extent. Global maps of CLLJs are constructed for the summer and winter seasons. The west coasts of North America, the Iberian Peninsula, north-western Africa and the south-eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula make up the Northern Hemispheric CLLJ regions, while the west coasts of South America, Australia, and southern Africa comprise the South Hemispheric equivalents. The existence and characteristics of CLLJs along the southern coast of Oman and the western coast of the Iberian Peninsula regions are also discussed, not fully envisaged before in the context of CLLJs. The highest occurrence of CLLJs is found during the summer in both hemispheres, and the coast of Oman has the globally highest CLLJ frequency, with also the highest maximum wind speeds. The most commonly found CLLJ has a maximum wind speed between 9 and 15 m s(1 , and occurs at heights between 500 and 700 m a.s.l.

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“…Another contributing factor is the low-level jet that flows along the Front Range in response to intense heating of the elevated southern Rocky Mountains during the summer months (Higgins et al 1997;Tang and Reiter 1984). Low-level jets are diurnal; that is, winds are typically nocturnally enhanced and are weakened during the day because of vertical mixing (e.g., Douglas 1995;Raman et al 2011). Other factors increasing surface winds speeds along the Front Range, especially during the winter season, are associated with lee cyclogenesis (Schultz and Doswell 2000) and downslope chinook and bora wind formations (Barry 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Surface Wind Extremes (“Wind Lulls” and “Wind Blows”) Climatology for Central North America and Adjoining Oceans (1979–2012)

Malloy

Krahenbuhl

Bush

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

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This study explores long-term deviations from wind averages, specifically near the surface across central North America and adjoining oceans (258-508N, 608-1308W) for 1979-2012 (408 months) by utilizing the North American Regional Reanalysis 10-m wind climate datasets. Regions where periods of anomalous wind speeds were observed (i.e., 1 standard deviation below/above both the long-term mean annual and mean monthly wind speeds at each grid point) were identified. These two climatic extremes were classified as wind lulls (WLs; below) or wind blows (WBs; above

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The Summertime Low-Level Jet over the Gulf of California

Cited by 119 publications

References 0 publications

The Relationship between Tropical Easterly Waves and Surges over the Gulf of California during the North American Monsoon

The Relationship between Tropical Easterly Waves and Surges over the Gulf of California during the North American Monsoon

Global distribution and seasonal variability of coastal low-level jets derived from ERA-Interim reanalysis

A Surface Wind Extremes (“Wind Lulls” and “Wind Blows”) Climatology for Central North America and Adjoining Oceans (1979–2012)

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