The Study of Trichomoniasis in Pregnant Women Attending Hamadan City Health Centers in 2015

Abstract

Background: Trichomoniasis is one of the most non-viral sexually transmitted diseases worldwide that causes some complications such as adverse pregnancy outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among pregnant women in Hamadan, west of Iran. Methods: This study was conducted on 1200 pregnant women attending the Hamadan city health centers in 2015. After gathering socio-demographic characteristics and clinical signs and symptoms of the women, first-voided morning urine was collected from the all participants and subjected to sediment wet-mount preparations and Dorset culture medium for detection of T. vaginalis. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results: T. vaginalis was diagnosed in 0.6% (7/1200) of the urine samples using two parasitological methods. Dorset culture medium and direct wet-mount examination of the urine sediments were positive in 7 (0.6%) and 4 (0.3%) samples, respectively. There was no relationship between trichomoniasis and age, education, occupation, place of living, husband's job, and history of contraceptive methods (P > 0.05). Conclusions:The results demonstrated the rate of T. vaginalis infection in pregnant women is relatively low in the area but, because of the importance of this issue in pregnant women, it can be substantial during antenatal care.

Prevalence and risk factors for Trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnant women in South Africa

“…Studies that have been conducted in pregnant women report prevalence rates ranging from 0% to approximately 20%. 2,6,7,17–20 The prevalence of TV infection in this study was 12.9%. This result is similar to the prevalence found in a study that was conducted in Umlazi, South Africa, that showed a prevalence of 15.3% in pregnant women.…”

“…Trichomoniasis is the most common curable STI, with a reported prevalence of 276.4 million infections annually worldwide. 1–3 In the African region, 42.8 million infections occur annually. 4 In South Africa, the estimated T. vaginalis (TV) infection prevalence ranges between 3.1% and 20.0%.…”

“…17 It has been reported that 2 to 17% of female infants acquire TV infection through direct vulvo-vaginal infection during delivery through passage in an infected birth canal. 2,17 TV infection can cause respiratory and vaginal infections in new-borns. 16…”

Distribution of genotypes in relation to metronidazole susceptibility patterns in Trichomonas vaginalis isolated from South African pregnant women

“…Trichomoniasis is the most common STI with an estimated annual incidence of 276.4 million cases globally (Akbari and Matini 2017 ; Bouchemal et al 2017 ; Gatti et al 2017 ; Ramjee et al 2015 ). To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first to investigate the in vitro metronidazole resistance patterns in T. vaginalis isolates obtained from South African pregnant women and the correlation between the genotypes and drug susceptibility patterns.…”

“…Trichomonas vaginalis is an anaerobic parasitic protozoan that causes the sexually transmitted infection (STI) trichomoniasis (Akbari and Matini 2017 ; Ramjee et al 2015 ). In sub-Saharan Africa, about 30 million infections occur annually (Naidoo and Wand 2013 ).…”