The study of toxicity effects of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Veronica officinalis extract

Abstract

The main objective of the work was to assess the phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles synthesized biologically using Veronica officinalis extract. The silver nanoparticles obtained by means of biological synthesis were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry (UV-VIS), transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In order to assess the presence of biologically active compounds in V. officinalis extract, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used. AFM measurements indicated that the size of the obtained silver nanoparticles was about 15 nm. The phytotoxicity studies showed that biosynthesized silver nanoparticles did not exhibit any toxic effect throughout the range of concentrations examined during the study (0.0009-0.0675), both as regards Linum flavum and Lepidium sativum seeds.

Phytosynthesized Metallic Nanoparticles—between Nanomedicine and Toxicology. A Brief Review of 2019′s Findings

“…In terms of phytotoxicity, silver NPs (spherical, 15 nm, obtained by using the aqueous extract of Veronica officinalis L.) were proven to be non-toxic (in the concentration range of 0.0009-0.0675 mg/mL) towards Linum flavum and Lepidium sativum seeds [124], while the application of magnetite NPs (semi-spherical, 29.8 nm, obtained by using a Fumaria officinalis L. aqueous extract) led to growth reduction and significant changes in the total phenol, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant enzymes' activity of the aquatic plant Azolla filiculoides (at 0.5-10 mg/L concentrations) [125]. Among the presented studies, Jenifer et al [120] comparatively studied the toxicity of silver nanoparticles and silver ions on invertebrate and vertebrate aquatic animals.…”

Phytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles on Tobacco Plants: Evaluation of Coating Effects on Photosynthetic Performance and Chloroplast Ultrastructure

“…The use of various surface coatings in their synthesis influences the physiochemical properties of AgNPs, not only by reducing particle agglomeration and enhancing their stability but also by modulating toxic effects [ 4 , 18 , 26 , 27 ]. The synthesis method of AgNPs can also have an impact on their toxicity [ 28 ]. Biological synthesis of AgNPs is increasingly used because it is cheaper and less harmful compared to physical and chemical synthesis [ 29 ], and recent findings show that biologically synthesized AgNPs are less toxic [ 28 ].…”

“…The synthesis method of AgNPs can also have an impact on their toxicity [ 28 ]. Biological synthesis of AgNPs is increasingly used because it is cheaper and less harmful compared to physical and chemical synthesis [ 29 ], and recent findings show that biologically synthesized AgNPs are less toxic [ 28 ]. Once absorbed by plants, AgNPs may induce toxicity by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to induction of oxidative stress [ 30 ], disruption of cell membrane integrity [ 31 ], and damage to biologically important macromolecules (DNA and proteins) [ 13 ], thus impairing plant growth and development.…”

Application potential of biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles using Lythrum salicaria L. extracts as pharmaceuticals and catalysts for organic pollutant degradation

“…8 The use of AgNPs for medicinal or food packaging purposes is in increase and their synthesis using plant extracts could be a great advantage considering the ecological aspect of the synthesis process and supplementing of nanoparticles themselves with biologically important compounds. 9,10 Different nanoparticles, including AgNPs, have been reported as effective catalysts in the degradation of harmful diazo dyes from various industries. 11 Oxidation or photolysis is not a common pathway of degradation of stable azo dyes and they can remain unchanged for years.…”