The study of maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant women with thyroid disorders

Abstract

Background: Thyroid disorders are among the common endocrine disorders in pregnant women after diabetes mellitus. Several changes are observed in maternal thyroid function during pregnancy and failure to adapt to these physiological changes results in thyroid dysfunction. It is well established that not only overt, but subclinical thyroid dysfunction also has adverse effect on mother and the fetus, like miscarriages, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, eclampsia, polihydromnios, placental abruption, post-partum haemorrhage, low birth weight, neonatal hypothyroidism. Decreased availability of thyroid hormones may also impair neurological and intellectual development of foetus. With this background, we are conducting a study to know the effect of thyroid disorders on pregnancy and its maternal and the fetal outcome.Methods: The present study was conducted in ESI Hospital Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore. It is a prospective study which involved 100 patients diagnosed to have thyroid disorder during their antenatal checkup in the first trimister. It also includes known cases of thyroid disorder. TSH level was estimated. If it is deranged, then FT3 and FT4 levels estimated. Patients were managed accordingly and followed till delivery. Their obstetric and perinatal outcomes were noted.Results: In our study out of 100 cases, 96 cases are subclinical hypohyroid and 4 cases are subclinical hyperthyroid. Subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy are associated with abortions (2.1%), Anaemia (4.20%), PIH (14.7%), GDM (4.2%), Preterm labour (3.1%), oligohydromnios (16.67%), Lscs (22.9%), PPH (6.3%), LBW (21.9%), Hyperbilirubinemia (9.4%), NICU admission (14.6%), Which are co-relatine with other studies and hyperthyroid cases in our study were not sufficient for outcome analysis.Conclusions: Thyroid disorders in pregnancy have adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcome emphasizing the importance of routine antenatal thyroid screening.

Prevalence of Thyroid Disorder in Pregnant Women Visiting a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

“…Various adverse effects such as miscarriage, preeclampsia, anemia, low birth weight, preterm birth, increased maternal and fetal morbidity, and mortality is reported. 7 The prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy is estimated to be 0.3-0.5 % for overt hypothyroidism and 2-3 % for subclinical hypothyroidism. 8 Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Kathmandu Medical College Public Limited, Sinamangal, Nepal, from March 2020 to August 2020.…”

Maternal and fetal outcome in COVID 19 positive pregnant women with thyroid dysfunction

“…The increased cases of anaemia with COVID 19 can be because COVID 19 pandemic resulted in limitations in availability of antenatal care and inadequate iron and folic acid supplementation which added on to the pre-existing burden of nutritional anaemia in India. Studies conducted pertaining to the incidence of anemia and GDM with thyroid disorders such as by Gupta et al 13 , Sahu et al 14 and Sreelatha S et al 15 showed increased incidence of these conditions in patients with thyroid dysfunction. 16 .…”

Study of Perinatal Outcome and Neonatal Hypothyroidism in Pregnant Women with Hypothyroidism Delivering in a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Nepal

“…4 It is now well established that not only overt, but also subclinical thyroid dysfunction has significant adverse effects on pregnancy and fetal development. 5 Uncontrolled thyroid dysfunctions can be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes like miscarriage, placental abruption, pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery etc. 6 preterm birth, low birth weight, increase admission to neonatal intensive care and increase perinatal morbidity and mortality.…”