The study of insulin resistance and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in normotensive adolescents with a family history of hypertension

Abstract

To investigate the changes of insulin resistance and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in normotensive adolescents with a family history of hypertension (FH) and to analyse the related factors. The study included 142 normotensive adolescents aged 13-15 years. On the basis of an FH, the samples were divided into positive FH (FH þ group) and negative FH groups (FH À group). Anthropometric measurements included height, weight, waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP). Blood samples were collected and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum lipids, true insulin (TI) and sICAM-1 were assayed. The In multiple linear regression analysis, WC (b ¼ 0.024, P ¼ 0.000) and FH (b ¼ 0.467, P ¼ 0.000) were significant independent predictors for HOMA-IR, and triglyceride (b ¼ 0.328, P ¼ 0.007) and FH (b ¼ 0.395, P ¼ 0.016) were significant independent predictors for sICAM-1. These results indicate that insulin resistance and endothelial activation were found in normotensive adolescents with an FH. We should make great efforts to alleviate the insulin resistance and endothelial activation by diet and exercise, and it would reduce the incidence of hypertension in adolescents with an FH.

Prevalence of Hypertension among Medical Students with Positive Familial History of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in a Medical College of Delhi

“…in a study done by Fu-zai et al, indicate that insulin resistance and endothelial activation were found in normotensive adolescents with a family history. 22 Whereas, in a study done by Covelli MM et al to determine the relationship of blood pressure and cortisol reactivity to family history of hypertension of African American adolescents the blood pressure reactivity of the family history positive group was significantly different than with no family history group (P = 0.0338). Cortisol levels for the total group were markedly elevated (19 nmol/dL) and there was no significant difference in reactivity.…”

“…There is a long preclinical phase in the disease where other predictors/biomarkers can be measured [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] , long before changes in blood pressure manifests, which could be studied in future.…”

Endothelial dysfunction and diurnal variation of blood pressure: night secrets of arterial hypertension?

“…25 Vascular inflammation has been demonstrated in arterial hypertension, and inflammationrelated upregulation of endothelial adhesion molecules is an early stage in atherogenesis. 26 Endothelial inflammation has also been suggested to have a role in hypertensive vascular injury and remodelling. 27 Of note, arterial endothelial dysfunction in hypertension often does not improve by acute BP reduction indicating the presence of chronic endothelial changes may be independent of the current shear stress.…”