The study of electroplating trivalent CrC alloy coatings with different current densities on stainless steel 304 as bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Wang, Hsiang-Cheng; Hou, Kung-Hsu; Lu, Chen-En; Ger, Ming-Der

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2014.03.034

Cited by 40 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A relatively superior hydrophobic nature of BPP is essential for efficient circulation, drainage, and management of the water produced in a running PEFC system. 19,22,62 Figure 3e clearly shows that the AuNP-PANI hybrid film increased the contact angle to 81.1 ± 0.8°. The improved hydrophobicity means that AuNP-PANI hybrid coating can more efficiently stem the penetration of corrosive species into the SS316L 22 via any micropores or pinholes that may remain exposed even after the AuNP-PANI hybrid coating.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Site-Selective, Low-Loading, Au Nanoparticle–Polyaniline Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity for Fuel Cells

Zhang

Sharma

2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Ultralow loading of Au nanoparticles (0.038 mg cm–2) and a polyaniline hybrid coating (AuNP-PANI) were deposited on stainless steel (SS316L) coupons. The unique two-step approach utilizing electrochemical deposition via cyclic voltammetry enabled growth of AuNPs in the fibrous PANI micropores thereby achieving enhanced surface coverage of SS316L and minimizing substrate corrosion via blocking of pores. The hybrid coatings revealed significantly low interfacial contact resistance values of 16.6 mΩ cm2 (achieving the US DOE 2017 targets). Potentiodynamic tests revealed the excellent corrosion resistance of AuNP-PANI hybrid coatings with a corrosion potential of 0.61 VSHE, which is positively shifted by 790 and 390 mV as compared to bare SS316L and PANI-SS316L, respectively. The corresponding potentiostatic corrosion current density of AuNP-PANI was reduced to 0.63 μA/cm2 from 2.28 and 0.65 μA/cm2 for bare SS316L and PANI-SS316L samples, respectively, thereby providing excellent stability in the cathodic polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) environment. Extensive electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies showed uniformly placed AuNP bundles with an average cluster size of 16 nm with Au (200) as the most prominent crystallite phase. Thermogravimetric studies revealed that the AuNPs did not affect the thermal stability of PANI which remained stable up to 260 °C which is well above the operating temperature of conventional PEFCs, making them highly suitable for coatings on bipolar plates for enhanced conductivity and corrosion resistance.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Site-Selective, Low-Loading, Au Nanoparticle–Polyaniline Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity for Fuel Cells

Zhang

Sharma

2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Among stainless steels, austenitic stainless steel possesses the best corrosion resistance and workability. Hence, a significant amount of researchers’ efforts has been put into developing metal bipolar plates using austenitic stainless steel [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. However, during long-term operation, the highly corrosive environment of PEMFC stacks leads to the dissolution of metal ions (e.g., Cr 2+ and Ni 2+ ) at the metal surface, which can be contaminated by electrolytes and catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Behavior of Niobium-Coated 316L Stainless Steels as Metal Bipolar Plates for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2021

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Niobium was coated on 316L stainless steel by pulsed direct-current (DC) magnetron sputtering to improve corrosion behavior. The applied bias voltage highly affected the microstructure and crystallographic features, which lead to improved corrosion behavior. Due to the increased bias voltage, the microstructure of the niobium coating layer presented a smaller crystallite size and a densified structure, which obviously reduced the number of pinholes in the coated layer. Additionally, an increase in the degree of orientation toward the (110) plane, the most densely packed plane, lead to reduced dissolution of metal ions. Therefore, a pure niobium coating layer effectively protected the metal bipolar plate from a highly corrosive environment of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks. In particular, higher bias voltages of 600 and 800 V induced improved corrosion resistance, which satisfied the demand for the bipolar plate.

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“…Insufficient values were only for ICR, which increased from 19 mΩcm 2 to 29 mΩcm 2 . Galvanization can also be combined with subsequent thermal diffusion in a vacuum furnace, which leads to an increase in chromium content in the surface layer [108].…”

Section: Surface Treatment Based On Carbidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic Material Selection and Prospective Surface Treatments for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates—A Review

2021

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The aim of this review is to summarize the possibilities of replacing graphite bipolar plates in fuel-cells. The review is mostly focused on metallic bipolar plates, which benefit from many properties required for fuel cells, viz. good mechanical properties, thermal and electrical conductivity, availability, and others. The main disadvantage of metals is that their corrosion resistance in the fuel-cell environment originates from the formation of a passive layer, which significantly increases interfacial contact resistance. Suitable coating systems prepared by a proper deposition method are eventually able to compensate for this disadvantage and make the replacement of graphite bipolar plates possible. This review compares coatings, materials, and deposition methods based on electrochemical measurements and contact resistance properties with respect to achieving appropriate parameters established by the DOE as objectives for 2020. An extraordinary number of studies have been performed, but only a minority of them provided promising results. One of these is the nanocrystalline β-Nb2N coating on AISI 430, prepared by the disproportionation reaction of Nb(IV) in molten salt, which satisfied the DOE 2020 objectives in terms of corrosion resistance and interfacial contact resistance. From other studies, TiN, CrN, NbC, TiC, or amorphous carbon-based coatings seem to be promising. This paper is novel in extracting important aspects for future studies and methods for testing the properties of metallic materials and factors affecting monitoring characteristics and parameters.

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The study of electroplating trivalent CrC alloy coatings with different current densities on stainless steel 304 as bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 40 publications

References 49 publications

Site-Selective, Low-Loading, Au Nanoparticle–Polyaniline Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity for Fuel Cells

Site-Selective, Low-Loading, Au Nanoparticle–Polyaniline Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity for Fuel Cells

Corrosion Behavior of Niobium-Coated 316L Stainless Steels as Metal Bipolar Plates for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Metallic Material Selection and Prospective Surface Treatments for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates—A Review

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