The Study of Defenses in Psychotherapy Using the Defense Mechanism Rating Scales (DMRS)

Perry, J. Christopher; Kardos, Marianne E.; Pagano, Christopher J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8303-1_8

Cited by 52 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The DMRS is comprised of 28 defense mechanisms, in a continuous hierarchical scale of seven levels from (1) least adaptive to (7) most adaptive: Action, major image-distorting (borderline), disavowal, minor image-distorting (narcissistic), neurotic, obsessional, and adaptive (mature) defenses (Table 2). Several studies have supported the validity of the method (30)(31). The ODF is a summary score calculated from the DMRS scores, yielding a weighted average of the individual defense scores, to determine the level of defensive functioning.…”

Section: Defense Mechanism Rating Scales (Dmrs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There an Optimal Adjustment of Interpretation to the Patients’ Level of Defensive Functioning?

Hersoug

Høglend²,

Bøgwald³

2004

APT

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Section: Defense Mechanism Rating Scales (Dmrs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There an Optimal Adjustment of Interpretation to the Patients’ Level of Defensive Functioning?

Hersoug

Høglend²,

Bøgwald³

2004

APT

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“…Studies have reported on the interrater reliability of the ODF: intraclass R = 0.61 and 0.89 (Perry & Cooper, 1989;Perry et aL, 1993;. In a multisite field trial, with 50% of subjects diagnosed with major depression, found evidence for convergent and discrimant validity for the DMRS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in Defensive Functioning in Completed Psychoanalyses: the Penn Psychoanalytic Treatment Collection

Roy

Perry

Luborsky

et al. 2009

J Am Psychoanal Assoc

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Theory predicts that patients completing psychoanalysis should improve in their dynamic functioning. The aim of this naturalistic study is to examine whether a sample of 17 subjects from the Penn Psychoanalytic Treatment Collection with completed, tape-recorded psychoanalyses demonstrated improvement in one dynamic aspect: their defense mechanisms. The pre-post effect size for the change in overall defensive functioning (ODF) of the sample was large (.76) and statistically significant ( p = .01). The percentage of subjects who improved in their ODF (71%) was similar to that found by others who studied the same sample using general functioning measures. These findings provide the first empirical evidence to support a trait-like change in dynamic personality functioning in patients who have undergone psychoanalysis. Randomized controlled studies with homogeneous samples are needed to further confirm these findings.

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“…In the present study the DSQ 88 is used in different ways, according to Bond et al [5] and Andrews et al [20] as a classification system and according to Perry [21] as a scoring system.…”

Section: Hamilton Rating Scale For Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Perry's scoring system [21] , the Defense Mechanism Rating Scales (DMRS), the overall defensive functioning (ODF) score was assessed by weighting each item according to its place in the overall 7-point hierarchy of defenses. An item that represents high maturity was weighted 7 (i.e.…”

Section: Hamilton Rating Scale For Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait Anxiety and Defensive Functioning in Relation to Antidepressant Treatment Outcome

Sukul¹,

Birkenhäger²,

Broek³

et al. 2009

Psychopathology

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Background: Depression can occur in patients with or without trait anxiety. Although it is assumed that assessment of defenses can be useful in planning biological treatment, no studies have confirmed this hypothesis. In this study we focus on the relation between trait anxiety and defensive functioning, and on the combined influence of these personality characteristics on response to antidepressants among inpatients with a major depressive episode. Methods: Major depressive episode was diagnosed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) and the severity of the depression was measured with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D). The level of trait anxiety was assessed using a questionnaire with 34 questions pertaining to trait anxiety. The Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ 88) was used to assess defensive functioning followed by a weighted overall defensive functioning score (ODF). Partial correlations and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Results: The final sample included 85 patients. A significant negative effect of trait anxiety by ODF (p: 0.000) was found on the outcome score, i.e. the combination of a high score on trait anxiety and a low score on the ODF resulted in a significantly higher final score on the HAM-D. Conclusions: The most important finding in this study is that the combination of a high level of trait anxiety and immature defensive functioning evidently had a negative effect on antidepressant treatment outcome.

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The Study of Defenses in Psychotherapy Using the Defense Mechanism Rating Scales (DMRS)

Cited by 52 publications

References 4 publications

Is There an Optimal Adjustment of Interpretation to the Patients’ Level of Defensive Functioning?

Is There an Optimal Adjustment of Interpretation to the Patients’ Level of Defensive Functioning?

Changes in Defensive Functioning in Completed Psychoanalyses: the Penn Psychoanalytic Treatment Collection

Trait Anxiety and Defensive Functioning in Relation to Antidepressant Treatment Outcome

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