A pseudomemory of having been awakened by some loud noises during a night of the previous week was suggested to 27 highly hypnotizable subjects during hypnosis. Posthypnotically, 13 of them stated that the suggested event had actually occurred. This finding has implications for the investigative use of hypnosis in a legal context.

There is generally good evidence that pain management interventions that include self-management strategies can substantially reduce disability and improve psychological well-being in patients with chronic pain. Reductions in unhelpful responses, especially catastrophising and fear-avoidance beliefs, have been established as key contributors to these gains. In contrast, there is surprisingly little evidence that adherence to self-management strategies contributes to achieving these outcomes. Difficulties in defining and measuring the use of pain self-management strategies have been obstacles for this research. Using a pragmatic way of assessing the practice of specific strategies this study investigated their ability to account for changes in pain, disability and depressive symptoms after a 3-week cognitive-behavioural pain management program. The post-treatment outcomes on these dimensions were found to be statistically and, for many, clinically significant. Consistent with previous research, reductions in catastrophising and fear-avoidance beliefs, and increased pain self-efficacy beliefs, were also associated with these gains. But the key new finding was that there was a clear gradient between adherence to specific self-management strategies and reductions in pain, disability and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, adherence to the self-management strategies was predictive of better outcomes even after controlling for the moderating effects of initial catastrophising, fear-avoidance and pain self-efficacy beliefs.

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Hypnotic dissociation (as indexed by the "hidden observer" method), duality in age regression, and the potential impact of situational cues on these phenomena were examined. A special attempt was made to examine the hidden observer effect in a nondirective fashion. Twelve high and 9 low susceptible subjects were tested in an application of the real-simulating paradigm of hypnosis; 10 highmedium susceptible subjects were employed also. Inquiry into subjects' experiences was conducted through the experiential analysis technique, which involves subjects viewing and commenting on a videotape playback of their hypnotic session. Results demonstrated that neither the hidden observer effect nor duality can be explained solely in terms of the demand characteristics of the test situation. The hidden observer effect was observed in high'Susceptible subjects only; all subjects who displayed the hidden observer effect also displayed duality in age regression. High susceptible subjects were distinctive in their reports of multiple levels of awareness during hypnosis. Findings are discussed in terms of the cognitive skills that subjects bring to hypnosis and the degree to which the hypnotic setting encourages the use of dissociative cognitive processes.

Covering: up to the end of 2017 The roles played by Rieske non-heme iron-dependent oxygenases in natural product biosynthesis are reviewed, with particular focus on experimentally characterised examples. Enzymes belonging to this class are known to catalyse a range of transformations, including oxidative carbocyclisation, N-oxygenation, C-hydroxylation and C-C desaturation. Examples of such enzymes that have yet to be experimentally investigated are also briefly described and their likely functions are discussed.

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Visual recall memory of high (n = 24) and low (« = 24) hypnotizable subjects for black and white line drawings of common objects was tested repeatedly in either hypnosis, imagination, or control conditions. Memory performance in terms of both correct and incorrect items increased appreciably across the recall tests. Neither hypnosis nor imagination enhanced recall beyond that of normal repeated testing. Hypnotizability was not related to the amount of correct material recalled but was related to the amount of incorrect material reported. High hypnotizable subjects in the hypnosis condition were more likely than other subjects to confidently rate the incorrect material as correct. Findings are discussed in terms of the impact of hypnosis on and the relevance of hypnotizability to enhancing visual memory. Comment is made also on the implications for the applied use of hypnosis.From both theoretical (see Smith, 1983) and applied (see Orne, Soskis, & Dinges, 1984) perspectives, empirical clarification is needed regarding the extent to which hypnosis may enhance memory beyond that which occurs when hypnosis is not involved. Across the research that has been conducted on this issue, (for recent reviews, see Orne et al., 1984;Smith, 1983) findings generally indicate that hypnosis does not enhance memory for meaningless materials (e.g., Dhanens & Lundy, 1975; Salzburg & DePiano, 1980) but