The Study of Carbon-Coated V[sub 2]O[sub 5] Nanoparticles as a Potential Cathodic Material for Li Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract

Carbon-coated V 2 O 5 nanoparticles ͑CCV 2 O 5 ͒ are good candidates as cathodic materials for rechargeable Li batteries. These nanoparticles were prepared by burning off carbon-coated V 2 O 3 nanoparticles in air ͑around 400°C͒. The V 2 O 3 nanoparticles were prepared by a simple, single-stage reaction under autogenic pressure. Variations in the conditions of the burning process determine the properties of the carbon coating ͑e.g., thickness, weight % of carbon͒. Several types of electrodes were investigated. These included composite electrodes comprising different batches of CCV 2 O 5 , additional carbon particles and PVdF binder, composite electrodes comprising micrometric size, commercial V 2 O 5 as the active mass, and electrodes in which the CCV 2 O 5 or micronic size V 2 O 5 particles were embedded in aluminum foils without using any carbon additive or binder. The electrochemical response in terms of capacity, cyclability, and rates ͑up to 5C͒ at different potential ranges ͑narrow 3-4 V and wide 2-4 V domains, vs Li/Li + ͒ was investigated in LiClO 4 1 M and in LiPF 6 1 M ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate solutions by standard electrochemical techniques, including chronopotentiometry, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. The behavior of the CCV 2 O 5 electrodes ͑nanoparticles͒ was compared to that of electrodes comprising micronic size V 2 O 5 particles. In general, CCV 2 O 5 electrodes demonstrated a higher capacity, much better rate capability, and very good stability upon cycling and aging at elevated temperatures compared to electrodes comprising microparticles of V 2 O 5 . In situ and ex situ atomic force microscopy imaging was used for the morphological analysis of these electrodes.

Developments in Nanostructured Cathode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…Carboncoated V 2 O 5 nanoparticles can be synthesized via burning off carbon-coated V 2 O 3 nanoparticles around 400 8C in air. [131] The thickness and weight percentage of carbon can be manipulated by varying the conditions of the burning process. The optimal carbon content is Y. Wang and G. Cao/Developments in Nanostructured Cathode Materials Higher capacities can be achieved with vanadium oxide/ carbon nanotube nanocomposites.…”

Graphene–V2O5·nH2O xerogel composite cathodes for lithium ion batteries

“…The insertion of 2Li/V 2 O 5 corresponds to a stoichiometric energy density of 730 Wh kg 21 . 19 It was reported that V 2 19 Therefore, carbon has been introduced as a composite component to enhance the electrochemical performance, [24][25][26][27][28] i.e., the carbon increases electrical conductivity and prevents the vanadium dissolution, while the nanostructure shortens the Li + diffusion length.…”

Flame spray-pyrolyzed vanadium oxide nanoparticles for lithium battery cathodes

“…[21][22][23][24][25] These studies showed that crystalline V2O5 has a high specific charge but has poor cycle life behaviour since its crystal structure is damaged by prolonged charge/discharge cycles. Meanwhile, amorphous and low crystallinity V2O5 allows faster lithium-ion diffusion and displays superior cyclability.…”