The structure of septal nectaries and nectar presentation in the flowers of Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch.

Żuraw, Beata; Weryszko-Chmielewska, Elżbieta; Laskowska, H.; Pogroszewska, Elżbieta

doi:10.5586/aa.2009.024

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Short papillae on the lower portion of filaments as well as papillose trichomes on the adaxial surface of tepals of this species have striated cuticle, resembling tepaline osmophores in other members of the order Asparagales: Asphodelus aestivus [28], Galanthus nivalis [29], and Crocus vernus [30]. Papillose osmophores with striate cuticle were also found on the ovary in some Allium species [31][32][33]. The long trichomes in the upper portion of the filaments in P. multiflorum can prevent nectar outflowing from the pendant flower, as was presumed in Asphodelus albus with erect flowers [34], or they can provide sites for secondary pollen load.…”

Section: General Flower Morphology and Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 62%

The flower morphology in three Convallariaceae species with various attractive traits

Odintsova

Fishchuk

2017

Acta Agrobot

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The general morphology and micromorphology of the flower in Polygonatum multiflorum, Maianthemum bifolium, and Convallaria majalis were studied using light microscopy methods. Among the studied species, P. multiflorum and C. majalis have syntepalous and trimerous flowers, and in M. bifolium flowers are the most reduced: they are dimerous, pentacyclic, and with free tepals. Only in P. multiflorum stamens are considerably adnate to the floral tube. The gynoecium of P. multiflorum consists of synascidiate, hemisymplicate, and asymplicate zones. In the gynoecium of M. bifolium and C. majalis, synascidiate, symplicate, and asymplicate vertical zones were revealed. In P. multiflorum and M. bifolium, the style is composed of postgenitally connated carpels, while in C. majalis the style is formed by congenitally fused carpels (symplicate gynoecium zone). A common pattern of the venation of the floral parts was revealed in all the species.The external flower morphology and the gynoecium inner structure are different in all three species, providing adaptations for the pollination mode. Attractive elements observed in the flower of P. multiflorum are the long septal nectary in the ovary and epidermal trichomes on the inner perigonium surface and on the filaments. In M. bifolium, a rudimentary external septal nectary was observed for the first time. No nectaries or other morphologically distinct secretory structures were found in the C. majalis flower, allowing considering the C. majalis flowers as pollen flowers.

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Section: General Flower Morphology and Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 62%

The flower morphology in three Convallariaceae species with various attractive traits

Odintsova

Fishchuk

2017

Acta Agrobot

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“…At the presecretion stage and at the beginning of secretion in the papillae, the nuclei were located closer to the apical part of the cells (Figs 8 -10, 15, 19-21), whereas after the end of secretion they were observed in the basal parts of the papillae (Figs 12,13,24). At the beginning of secretory activity, the epidermal cells were poorly vacuolated and were distinguished by a cytoplasm with numerous granular and vesicular structures ( Figs 10,14,16,17), while at the end of their secretory activity the degree of cell vacuolation significantly increased and large centrally located vacuoles were observed in them (Figs 13, 19).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Specimens for scanning electron microscopy were prepared following the procedure described in the paper by Ż u r a w et al 2010 [15].…”

Section: Collection Of the University Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

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The structure of the ovary epidermis emitting odorous compounds in Allium karataviense Regel

et al. 2014

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Many plants develop in the petal epidermis papillae emitting essential oils. In species of the genus <em>Allium</em>, papillae occur in the ovary epidermis. The aim of this study was to determine the structure of papillae in <em>Allium karataviense </em>Regel and to perform histochemical tests that would allow the components of their secretion to be investigated, mainly the presence of essential oils. Examination was performed using light and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that in conical papillae, with a height of about 83 μm, there were large cell nuclei, a thick outer wall with a layer of striated cuticle, and a varying degree of cell vacuolation, depending on the age of the ovary. Using histochemical reactions, we demonstrated neutral lipids, acid lipids and pectins to occur in the papillae. Neutral lipids are characteristic of essential oils.

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“…Environment and its interaction with the genome help in the expression of physio-morphological characters of all organisms. The inflorescences A. cepa L. is of dull white colour whereas Allium aflatunense bears violet colour then slowly turned into purple colour [15]. Allium giganteum inflorescences produce red-coloured florets from the purple colour [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollination Biology and Environmental Water Pollution Indicator of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

Sarkar¹

2023

Case Studies of Breeding Strategies in Major Plant Species

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Numerous genes in flowering plants, including onion (Allium cepa L.) govern morphological character differences in structure, shape, orientation, weight and number, etc. arising from their assortment and recombination due to pollination. Pollination in onion flower occurs mainly by insects (91%) and wind (9%), with gravity also contributing to the pollination process. The hybrid vigour seeds through cross pollination as an essential input in enhancing crop productivity. The present study reveals that an onion plant generally takes around 63 days to attain flowering position, and complete flowering condition in 70–72 days, which include 15–18 days for sprouting of the green hollow fleshy shoots along with about 45 days to complete the peduncle formation on the top small part of the bud. A. cepa L. takes around 160 days to produce mature seeds with life cycle completion. The onion bulb roots are used for the last 50 years to study chromosomal behaviour as an indicator of environmental water pollution. The presence of different impurities and heavy metals in the polluted water causes reduction in reproductive capacity of cells due to the occurrence of peculiarity from the normal mitotic cell division in onion . Cytotoxicity influences all morphological characters, including root growth retardation, mitotic index, chromosomal aberration, etc. Thus, the present investigation explores the effect of pollutant water on pollination biology, cytotoxicity, root apical meristem cells in onion. We report a significant (p < 0.05) in the mitotic index in polluted water as compared to normal water.

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The structure of septal nectaries and nectar presentation in the flowers of Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch.

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

The flower morphology in three Convallariaceae species with various attractive traits

The flower morphology in three Convallariaceae species with various attractive traits

The structure of the ovary epidermis emitting odorous compounds in Allium karataviense Regel

Pollination Biology and Environmental Water Pollution Indicator of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

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