“…These results are likely due to the specific functions of various bioactive substances present in AMSL, such as saponins, including astragaloside; flavonoid, including isoquercitrin; and astragalus polysaccharides. A large number of studies have shown that these components contained in AMSL have various important physiological functions, including immunomodulatory (Du et al, ; Wang, Ren, et al, ), antioxidative (Shahzad, Shabbir, Wojcikowski, Wohlmuth, & Gobe, ), antiaging (Li et al, ), antifatigue (Kuo, Tsai, Loke, Wu, & Chiou, ), and antibacterial activities (Wang, Han, Dai, Wang, & Ao, ).…”