The stomal morphology of parasitic females of Strongyloides spp. by scanning electron microscopy

Sato, Hiroshi; Tanaka, Shuhei; Une, Yumi; Torii, Harumi; Yokoyama, Masahiro; Suzuki, Kazuo; Amimoto, Akiteru; Hasegawa, Hideo

doi:10.1007/s00436-007-0800-8

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Currently, in Ukraine, there are no data on parasitism of different species of Strongyloides in ruminants, and the name S. papillosus is generally accepted. Differential diagnosis of different species of Strongy-loides is also possible on the basis of morphological differences of the head ends of parasitic females (Sato et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological variation of four species of Strongyloides (Nematoda, Rhabditida) parasitising various mammal species

2019

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Study of the morphologic peculiarities of free-living stages of nematodes of the Strongyloides genus is important in differential diagnostics of pathogens. We studied the parasite of goats (Capra aegagrus hircus Linnaeus, 1758) – Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl, 1856); the parasite of horses (Equus ferus caballus Linnaeus, 1758) – S. westeri Ihle, 1917; the parasite of swine (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 ) – S. ransomi Schwartz & Alicata, 1930; the parasite of dogs (Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758) – S. stercoralis (Bavay, 1876). Rhabditiform larvae (L1, L2), filarial larvae (L3), mature males (M) and free-living females (F) were analyzed for each of the four species by five morphological parameters: body length (Lb), total maximum body width (Sb), length of the esophagus (Lo), length of the intestine (Le), length of the tail end (Lc); for females, we additionally examined length from the head end to the vulva (Lv) and the number of formed eggs in the uterus cavity (E), and for males – length of spicules (Ls). First stage larvae of S. papillosus and S. stercoralis significantly differed in all parameters, and first stage larvae of S. westeri and S. stercoralis significantly differed in four out of five parameters. By indices of ratios of total maximum body width (Sb) to body length (Lb), length of the esophagus (Lo) to length of the intestine (Le), length of the tail end (Lc) to body length (Lb), length of the intestine (Le) to body length (Lb), a reliable difference was recorded between L1 of S. papillosus and S. ransomi, L3 of S. papillosus and S. westeri, S. westeri and S. ransomi, between males of S. papillosus and S. westeri, S. westeri and S. stercoralis, between females of S. papillosus and S. westeri, S. papillosus and S. stercoralis. All four examined species were observed to have reliable differences of ratio of length of esophagus to length of intestine in third stage larvae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological variation of four species of Strongyloides (Nematoda, Rhabditida) parasitising various mammal species

2019

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“…The worms were separated according to sex and rinsed in a physiological saline solution (0.9 w/v NaCl) in order to remove contaminants, and stored in 70% ethanol. Parasites were identified according to S k r j a b i n et al (1957), Sato et al (2008), and R y l k o v a et al (2015). Tables 1, 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites of Myocastor coypus – a Comparison in Farm Animals and Their Feral Counterparts

Nechybová

Langrová

Tůmová

2018

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica

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The parasitic status in the coypus (nutrias) Myocastor coypus, both farm-bred or free-living on river banks in the Czech Republic, was determined. Faecal samples were collected from 200 coypus originating from 11 farms (farm-bred animals) and from 20 individuals living at 14 natural localities (feral animals). Faeces were examined for nematode eggs and coccidian oocysts using the McMaster method. The evaluation of faeces from farm-bred coypus indicated infection with the following parasites: Trichuris sp., Strongyloides sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Eimeria seidelli, Eimeria nutriae, Eimeria coypi, and Eimeria myopotami. Free-living feral rodents harboured Eimeria nutriae, E. coypi, Strongyloides sp. and in one case also Trichuris sp. An additional visceral examination of 20 coypus originating from five farms revealed two nematode species in the gastrointestinal tracts, namely Trichuris myocastoris and Strongyloides myopotami. The study indicated that feral coypus are far less parasitized than their captive counterparts.

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“…Nematodes are a well-studied and abundant animal group in which to analyse the relationship between morphology and behaviour. Nematodes show a staggering array of morphological structures and behaviours including a vast spectrum of mouth adaptations that coincide with a great diversity in feeding behaviours and diets (De Ley et al, 1995;von Lieven, 2003;Baldwin et al, 2004;Ragsdale et al, 2008;Sato et al, 2008). In bacteriovorus species such as Caenorhabditis elegans, the buccal cavity is often composed of a simple tube with a more complex apparatus found in the terminal bulb where hardened discs of collagen form a grinder to aid in bacterial lysis (Straud et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predatory feeding behaviour in Pristionchus nematodes is dependent on a phenotypic plasticity and induced by serotonin

Wilecki

Lightfoot

Susoy

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

158

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Behavioural innovation and morphological adaptation are intrinsically linked but their relationship is often poorly understood. In nematodes, a huge diversity of feeding morphologies and behaviours can be observed to meet their distinctive dietary and environmental demands. Pristionchus and their relatives show varied feeding activities, both consuming bacteria and also predating other nematodes. In addition, Pristionchus nematodes display dimorphic mouth structures triggered by an irreversible developmental switch, which generates a narrower mouthed form with a single tooth and a wider mouthed form with an additional tooth. However, little is known about the specific predatory adaptations of these mouth forms or the associated mechanisms and behaviours. Through a mechanistic analysis of predation behaviours, in particular in the model organism Pristionchus pacificus, we reveal multifaceted feeding modes characterised by dynamic rhythmic switching and tooth stimulation. This complex feeding mode switch is regulated by the neurotransmitter serotonin in a previously uncharacterised role, a process that appears conserved across several predatory nematode species. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of starvation, prey size and prey preference on P. pacificus predatory feeding kinetics, revealing predation to be a fundamental component of the P. pacificus feeding repertoire, thus providing an additional rich source of nutrition in addition to bacteria. Finally, we found that mouth form morphology also has a striking impact on predation, suppressing predatory behaviour in the narrow mouthed form. Our results therefore hint at the regulatory networks involved in controlling predatory feeding and underscore P. pacificus as a model for understanding the evolution of complex behaviours.

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The stomal morphology of parasitic females of Strongyloides spp. by scanning electron microscopy

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Morphological variation of four species of Strongyloides (Nematoda, Rhabditida) parasitising various mammal species

Morphological variation of four species of Strongyloides (Nematoda, Rhabditida) parasitising various mammal species

Parasites of Myocastor coypus – a Comparison in Farm Animals and Their Feral Counterparts

Predatory feeding behaviour in Pristionchus nematodes is dependent on a phenotypic plasticity and induced by serotonin

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