The steady-state level of Mg-protoporphyrin IX is not a determinant of plastid-to-nucleus signaling in
            <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Mochizuki, Naoki; Tanaka, Ryouichi; Tanaka, Ayumi; Masuda, Tatsuru; Nagatani, Akira

doi:10.1073/pnas.0803245105

Cited by 220 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This notion is consistent with the reduced levels of chlorophyll intermediates in glk1 glk2 mutants, a metabolic state that could perturb the tetrapyrrole pool and thus influence the GUN pathway (Mochizuki et al, 2008;Moulin et al, 2008;von Gromoff et al, 2008).…”

Section: Glk Transcript Levels Are Regulated By Feedback From the Plasupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Of the five original gun mutants, four are defective in tetrapyrrole synthesis, implying that perturbations in levels of tetrapyrrole intermediates are generally linked with the GUN repressive signal from the plastid (Strand et al, 2003). The signal molecule itself is not a tetrapyrrole but may be a reactive oxygen species resulting from free phototoxic tetrapyrroles (Mochizuki et al, 2008;Moulin et al, 2008). Retrograde plastid signaling can be induced in germinating seedlings by adding either norflurazon (NF), which causes photooxidative damage, or lincomycin (L), which inhibits plastid translation.…”

Section: Glk Transcript Levels Are Regulated By Feedback From the Plamentioning

confidence: 99%

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GLK Transcription Factors Coordinate Expression of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis

et al. 2009

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Chloroplasts of photosynthetic organisms harness light energy and convert it into chemical energy. In several land plants, GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) transcription factors are required for chloroplast development, as glk1 glk2 double mutants are pale green and deficient in the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus. We show here that glk1 glk2 double mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana accumulate abnormal levels of chlorophyll precursors and that constitutive GLK gene expression leads to increased accumulation of transcripts for antenna proteins and chlorophyll biosynthetic enzymes. To establish the primary targets of GLK gene action, an inducible expression system was used in combination with transcriptome analysis. Following induction, transcript pools were substantially enriched in genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, light harvesting, and electron transport. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed the direct association of GLK1 protein with target gene promoters, revealing a putative regulatory cis-element. We show that GLK proteins influence photosynthetic gene expression independently of the phyB signaling pathway and that the two GLK genes are differentially responsive to plastid retrograde signals. These results suggest that GLK genes help to coregulate and synchronize the expression of a suite of nuclear photosynthetic genes and thus act to optimize photosynthetic capacity in varying environmental and developmental conditions.

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Section: Glk Transcript Levels Are Regulated By Feedback From the Plasupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Glk Transcript Levels Are Regulated By Feedback From the Plamentioning

confidence: 99%

GLK Transcription Factors Coordinate Expression of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis

et al. 2009

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“…The assembly and maintenance of the chloroplast proteome are highly regulated processes and involve not only the organellar import machinery but also multiple anterograde and retrograde signaling events that affect the transcription of nuclear-and chloroplast-encoded genes (Mochizuki et al, 2001(Mochizuki et al, , 2008Strand et al, 2003;Larkin et al, 2003;Koussevitzky et al, 2007;Moulin et al, 2008;Kakizaki et al, 2009). Similar transcript patterns observed under different environmental conditions or genetic modifications identified key regulators that affect entire sets of plastid proteins and biochemical networks (Richly et al, 2003;Biehl et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Plastid Proteome Assembly without Toc159: Photosynthetic Protein Import and Accumulation of N-Acetylated Plastid Precursor Proteins

et al. 2011

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Import of nuclear-encoded precursor proteins from the cytosol is an essential step in chloroplast biogenesis that is mediated by protein translocon complexes at the inner and outer envelope membrane (TOC). Toc159 is thought to be the main receptor for photosynthetic proteins, but lacking a large-scale systems approach, this hypothesis has only been tested for a handful of photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic proteins. To assess Toc159 precursor specificity, we quantitatively analyzed the accumulation of plastid proteins in two mutant lines deficient in this receptor. Parallel genomewide transcript profiling allowed us to discern the consequences of impaired protein import from systemic transcriptional responses that contribute to the loss of photosynthetic capacity. On this basis, we defined putative Toc159-independent and Toc159-dependent precursor proteins. Many photosynthetic proteins accumulate in Toc159-deficient plastids, and, surprisingly, several distinct metabolic pathways are negatively affected by Toc159 depletion. Lack of Toc159 furthermore affects several proteins that accumulate as unprocessed N-acetylated precursor proteins outside of plastids. Together, our data show an unexpected client protein promiscuity of Toc159 that requires a far more differentiated view of Toc159 receptor function and regulation of plastid protein import, in which cytosolic Met removal followed by N-terminal acetylation of precursors emerges as an additional regulatory step.

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“…In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, overexpression of Gun4 also increases Chl content per cell (38), whereas a C. reinhardtii strain possessing a low Gun4 content has reduced both Chl and P IX levels (15,20). Only after the complete elimination of Gun4 do cyanobacteria, algae, and plants accumulate aberrant concentrations of P IX (14,20,39).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Porphyrin Binding To the Gun4 Protein-gun4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyrin Binding to Gun4 Protein, Facilitated by a Flexible Loop, Controls Metabolite Flow through the Chlorophyll Biosynthetic Pathway

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Adams

Davison

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The steady-state level of Mg-protoporphyrin IX is not a determinant of plastid-to-nucleus signaling in Arabidopsis

Cited by 220 publications

References 38 publications

GLK Transcription Factors Coordinate Expression of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis

GLK Transcription Factors Coordinate Expression of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis

Plastid Proteome Assembly without Toc159: Photosynthetic Protein Import and Accumulation of N-Acetylated Plastid Precursor Proteins

Porphyrin Binding to Gun4 Protein, Facilitated by a Flexible Loop, Controls Metabolite Flow through the Chlorophyll Biosynthetic Pathway

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