“…The decline in population size is thought to be because of increasing negative anthropogenic impacts including climate change, fisheries bycatch, anthropogenic disturbance, pollution and loss of habitat. Many of these threats are considered to be related to increased exploration and exploitation by the oil and gas industry (Härkönen et al, 2008; Dmitrieva et al, 2013; Volodina et al, 2018; Tasmagambetova et al, 2019). There was a documented minimum bycatch of 1,215 seals in the 2008–2009 fishing season, 93% of which occurred in illegal sturgeon fisheries (Dmitrieva et al, 2013).…”