The stability of the factorial pattern of aircrew classification tests in four analyses

Zachert, Virginia; Friedman, Gabriel N.

doi:10.1007/bf02289059

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The factors derived in the separate investigations were compared by "rough methods of inspection" following the approach of Zachest and Friedman (1953). Table 3 presents a comparison of the factor labels and illustrative variables from the separate investigations of positive regard and empathy (see Footnote 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensions of positive regard and empathy.

Zimmer¹,

Anderson²

1968

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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This study isolated, for a single counseling session, factors that contribute to the constructs of positive regard and empathy. 149 students were trained to rate positive regard and 123 were trained to rate empathy. Their ratings of 100 counselor responses were factor analyzed. 8 principle factors were extracted for each construct and a Varimax rotation was executed. The factors were labeled and it was concluded that positive regard and empathy are not unidimensional, but rather a construct composed of orthogonally related factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensions of positive regard and empathy.

Zimmer¹,

Anderson²

1968

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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“…Zachert and Friedman (160) showed that the factorial content of the Air crew Classification Batteries remains similar under wartime and peacetime conditions.…”

Section: Test Constructionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chapter V: Factor Analysis

Solomon¹,

Rosner²

1954

Review of Educational Research

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THE last report on factor analysis in the REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH (26) covered the period [1939][1940][1941][1942][1943][1944][1945][1946][1947][1948][1949][1950][1951]. Altho the period covered by the present survey is much shorter, the number of papers reviewed is nearly as great as that for the previous period. This accelerated research activity emphasizes the present interest in the state of the art. Examination of the literature reveals that most of the research is on the mechanics of fac tor analysis as a research technic or its application in some subject area. However, the new research does not overlook the origins of factor analysis, for it also includes some attempts at evaluating the validity of factor analysis as a mathematical model to describe observed human behavioral responses in terms of operationally meaningful human parameters. Validity of Factor AnalysisFactor analysis, as we know it today, emerged as a research technic thru the creation of a mathematical model which attempted to portray the relationships between a response to a test of mental ability and the human factors which produced it. In view of recent emphasis on model building in the behavioral sciences it is interesting to note that the factor analysts were already at work in model building some 50 years ago. The model builders of today have the same goal as the original factor analysts; namely, the creation of a model which both reproduces and explains observed data. Altho there are many factor models which reproduce observed data (and some which do not), it remains an open question as to which models satisfy both conditions. New ModelsThe term radex theory is used by Guttman (84) to describe a new model which attempts both to reproduce and to explain a correlation matrix developed from test scores of mental ability. Two distinct notions are involved in a radex. One is that of a difference in kind between tests, and the other is that of a difference in degree. Each of these notions gives rise to a simple order system; for instance, for all tests of the same kind, say numerical ability, there will be differences in the degree of their com plexity; such a set of test variables of the same kind is called a simplex. Correspondingly, all tests of the same degree of complexity differ among themselves only in the kind of ability they define. Since here a law of order Many articles on various aspects of methodology relate to (a) compari son of methods, (b) new twists on old methods, (c) efficiency of comput ing, and (d) statistical developments arising out of the complex sampling distribution theory one has come to expect in factor analysis. ComparisonsFactorial methods have been compared by a number of investigators. Moursy (112) discussed three types of factorial organization: general and

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A Factor Analysis of Memory Ability

Kelley¹

1954

ETS Research Bulletin Series

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the area in the memory domain concerning relatively immediate intentional retention. For memory tests limited to this area, is there a general memory factor; if not, can several distinct memory factors be identified? On the basis of hypotheses regarding the nature of four memory factors, a battery of 27 memory tests was constructed. These tests, together with 13 reference tests, were administered to 442 pilot cadets at Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas. The scores on the 40 tests were then intercorrelated and factor‐analyzed. The multiple‐grouping method of analysis was used, with the solution being iterated twice; the resulting factor matrix was then rotated to oblique simple structure. Eleven factors were found, three of which are rather clearly‐defined memory factors; they may be called Rote Memory, Meaningful Memory, and Span Memory. The reference tests clearly identify three other factors as Verbal Comprehension, Numerical Facility, and Perceptual Speed. The seventh factor is a doublet representing the specific variance of two parallel tests. The eighth factor is a triplet which cannot be positively identified. The remaining three factors all primarily seem to involve visual tasks. These factors seem to represent Visualization, Spatial Relations, and Visual Memory, but the identifications are uncertain since there seems to be confounding with Deductive Reasoning and Psychomotor Coordination. It has been established that in the area of immediate intentional retention there is no general factor; three distinct factors in this domain were clearly identified, while still others were suggested. The three memory factors found seem to be differentiated in terms of process rather than in terms of content or mode of presentation.

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The stability of the factorial pattern of aircrew classification tests in four analyses

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Dimensions of positive regard and empathy.

Dimensions of positive regard and empathy.

Chapter V: Factor Analysis

A Factor Analysis of Memory Ability

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