The SSR-based molecular profile of 1005 grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) accessions uncovers new synonymy and parentages, and reveals a large admixture amongst varieties of different geographic origin

Abstract

A collection of 1005 grapevine accessions was genotyped at 34 microsatellite loci (SSR) with the aim of analysing genetic diversity and exploring parentages. The comparison of molecular profiles revealed 200 groups of synonymy. The removal of perfect synonyms reduced the database to 745 unique genotypes, on which population genetic parameters were calculated. The analysis of kinship uncovered 74 complete pedigrees, with both parents identified. Many of these parentages were not previously known and are of considerable historical interest, e.g. Chenin blanc (Sauvignon × Traminer rot), Covè (Harslevelu selfed), Incrocio Manzoni 2-14 and 2-15 (Cabernet franc × Prosecco), Lagrein (Schiava gentile × Teroldego), Malvasia nera of Bolzano (Perera × Schiava gentile), Manzoni moscato (Raboso veronese × Moscato d'Amburgo), Moscato violetto (Moscato bianco × Duraguzza), Muscat of Alexandria (Muscat blanc à petit grain × Axina de tres bias) and others. Statistical robustness of unexpected pedigrees was reinforced with the analysis of an additional 7-30 SSRs. Grouping the accessions by profile resulted in a weak correlation with their geographical origin and/or current area of cultivation, revealing a large admixture of local varieties with those most widely cultivated, as a result of ancient commerce and population flow. The SSRs with tri- to penta-nucleotide repeats adopted for the present study showed a great capacity for discriminating amongst accessions, with probabilities of identity by chance as low as 1.45 × 10(-27) and 9.35 × 10(-12) for unrelated and full sib individuals, respectively. A database of allele frequencies and SSR profiles of 32 reference cultivars are provided.

Genotyping of Vitis vinifera L. within the Slovak national collection of genetic resources

“…Even though the number of analysed grapevine accessions was limited to fifty-one, the above mentioned diversity parameters were higher than in a collection of 1005 national and international grapevines [25]. Previously, it has been presented that in the nested core collections of Vitis vinifera L., even a small number of cultivars (only 92) can represent 100% of microsatellite diversity [26].…”

Identification and validation of novel EST-SSR markers in olives

“…In nine loci, the heterozygos-ity observed was lower than expected. Since deviations from the HWE in these loci are prone to bias-likelihood estimates, attention should be paid on account of the analyses of identity and parentage as well as in population studies (Cipriani et al, 2010).…”

Castas de videira tradicionais dos Açores: notas sobre a sua origem

“…A 'Chenin', casta característica da região do Loire, chegou a ser considerada como resultante de um cruzamento entre as castas 'Traminer' e 'Sauvignon Blanc' (Cipriani et al, 2010), mas tal não é consistente com os dados obtidos por Myles et al (2011). No entanto, existem estudos que indicam que a casta 'Traminer' será progenitora da 'Chenin' (Myles et al, 2011), assim como das castas 'Sauvignon Blanc' e 'Trosseau' ('Bastardo').…”

“…Desde essa data muitos têm sido os autores a comprovar a existência de hibridação na origem de um número crescente de castas (Cipriani et al, 2010;Ibanez et al, 2013;Lacombe et al, 2012).…”