The spinal nerves forming the brachial plexus in mole-rats (Spalax leucodon)

Aydin, Ali; Karan, Meryem

doi:10.17221/6311-vetmed

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…While Angelica-Almeida et al (2013) reported that the plexus originates between C4 and T1 in rats, Ozbag et al (2009) suggested that it is between C5 and T1 in the same animals. On the other hand, a mole-rat (Aydin and Karan, 2012) plexus brachialis study showed similar results to those of Ozbag et al (2009). In the present study on the red fox, we showed that the plexus brachialis originated from C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2, similar to that seen in cats (Mencalha et al, 2014) and the chinchilla (Cevik-Demirkan et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Macroanatomical Investigation of the Plexus Brachialis in the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Haligür¹,

Özkadif²

2021

PJZ

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The red fox is widely distributed all over the world. These animals feed as wild animals and off the waste of people, thus having a close association with people. Anatomical knowledge of the red fox is very poor and we aimed to investigate the branches of the plexus brachialis in the red fox. We used six male red foxes that were died in traffic accidents. The right plexus brachialis was formed by the cervical spine nerves, C6, C7, and C8, and the thoracic spine nerve, T1 of the rami ventralis in four animals, and between C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2 in two animals. The right plexus had a regular appearance. The left plexus brachialis consisted of C6, C7, C8 and T1 in all the red foxes examined. The right rami ventralis originating from C5 was thin, and after a short course joined to a branch of C6. The rami ventralis originating from T2 coursed directly via the axillar region of the right side. The left side was not as regular as the right side. In this study, we showed that there were differences between the right and left sides of the plexus brachialis in the red fox.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Macroanatomical Investigation of the Plexus Brachialis in the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Haligür¹,

Özkadif²

2021

PJZ

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“…The brachial plexus of the AGR was formed mainly by the ventral rami of C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1. This result is similar to what was observed in some rodents such as wistar rats [ (Ozbag et al, 2009;Uzun et al, 2001), chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) (Cevik -Demirka n et al, 2007), mole-rat (Spalax leucodon) (Ayidin & Karan, 2012) and primates such as Owl monkey (Aotes trivirgatus) (Mizuno, 1966), Capuchin monkey (Cebus capucinus) (Mizuno, 1969), the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) (Lu et al, 2013;Santo -Souza et al, 2016), common marmoset (Emura et al, 2017), humans (Guday et al, 2016) and the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) (Souza et al, 2013). The brachial plexus of some rodents like the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) was noted to be formed by ventral branches of C5, C6, C7 and C8 without any contribution from the ventral branch of T1 (Ayidin, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Morphology of the spinal nerves from the cervical segments of the spinal cord of the African giant rat (Cricetomys Gambianus)

Maidawa

Ali

Imam

et al. 2020

Anat Histol Embryol

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This study provides detailed description of the gross morphology and distribution of the nerves arising from the cervical segments of the spinal cord of the African Giant Rat (AGR). Two (2) AGRs were used for this study. The rats were euthanized using halothane. The skin and superficial fascia were removed, and dissection of the muscles in the cervical region and thoracic limbs was carried out. The vertebral canal was opened by means of a rongeur. Eight (8) pairs of spinal nerves (C1–C8) arose from the cervical segments of the spinal cord of the AGR by means of dorsal and ventral roots which merged lateral to the spinal cord to form spinal nerves. Each cervical spinal nerve divided into a dorsal and ventral ramus just before exiting the intervertebral foramen. The dorsal rami divided into medial and lateral branches distributed on the medial faces of the semispinalis and splenius muscles, respectively. The ventral rami of C1, C2 and a branch from C3 interconnected to form the cervical plexus from which branches were distributed to the M. cleidomstoideus, M. cleidooccipitalis, M. occipitoscapularis, M. omotransversarius and M. trapezius. The ventral rami of C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1 (first thoracic spinal nerve) interconnected to form the brachial plexus. The cervical spinal nerves gave rise to dorsal rami or primary branches that supplied the skin and muscles of the dorsal part of the neck and the ventral primary branches which interconnected to give rise to the cervical plexus and brachial plexuses of the AGR.

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“…It branches towards the biceps brachii, brachialis and coracobrachialis musculus, similar to the paca (Scavone et al 2008), and capybara (Fioretto et al 2003). Aydin and Karan (2012) described that the musculocutaneous nerve in the mole-rat branches towards the cutaneus antebrachi muscle, which was not found in the Spix's yellow-toothed cavy.…”

Section: Mazama Gouazoubiramentioning

confidence: 82%

Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in the Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831) (Rodentia, Caviidae)

Araujo¹,

Oliveira²,

Silva³

et al. 2016

Vet. Med.

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Due to the absence of literature on the brachial plexus in the Spix's yellow-toothed cavy, this study was conducted to examine the origin and neural distribution of this rodent's brachial plexus. Ten adult animals obtained from previous experiments were thawed, fixed in 10% formalin solution for 72 h and then dissected. Cotton blocks soaked in 2% hydrogen peroxide were placed on the ventral roots of the plexus. Photographs of the most representative specimens were taken and schematic sketches were prepared to illustrate the results. The Spix's yellow-toothed cavy's brachial plexus primarily originated from the ventral roots of the sixth (C 6 ), seventh (C 7 ) and eighth (C 8 ) cervical nerves and from the first two thoracic nerves (T 1 , T 2 ), and less frequently from C 6 -T 1 or C 6 -T 3 . The peripheral nerve trunks of the Spix's yellow-toothed cavy's brachial plexus are the following: suprascapularis (C 6 -C 7 ), axillaris (C 6 -C 7 ), subscapulares (C 6 -C 7 ), cranial pectoral (C 6 -C 7 ), musculocutaneous (C 7 -C 8 ), radialis (C 7 -T 2 ), medianus (C 7 -T 2 ), ulnaris (C 7 -T 2 ), pectorales caudales (C 7 -C 8 ), thoracicus longus (C 7 -C 8 ), thoracicus lateralis (C 7 -T 2 ) and thoracodorsalis (C 7 -T 2 ).Keywords: anatomy; brachial plexus; nervous system; rodent; Galea spixii List of abbreviations C 6 = ventral root of C 6 ; C 7 = ventral root of C 7 ; C 8 = ventral root of C 8 ; T 1 = ventral root of T 1 ; T 2 = ventral root of T 2 ; T 3 = ventral root of T 3

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The spinal nerves forming the brachial plexus in mole-rats (Spalax leucodon)

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Macroanatomical Investigation of the Plexus Brachialis in the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Macroanatomical Investigation of the Plexus Brachialis in the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Morphology of the spinal nerves from the cervical segments of the spinal cord of the African giant rat (Cricetomys Gambianus)

Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in the Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831) (Rodentia, Caviidae)

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