The spectre of biogeographical regionalization

Morrone, Juan J.

doi:10.1111/jbi.13135

Cited by 94 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…Even though marine biogeographic province schemes are highly dependent on taxa (Briggs & Bowen, 2012;Costello et al, 2017) and their boundaries are dynamic (Morrone, 2018), they could provide a good framework to monitor changes in biodiversity. Since fish distribution is highly dependent on oceanographic conditions, any permanent change could have implications on their distribution and, therefore, in their management and conservation.…”

Section: Conservation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In marine biogeographic classification schemes, the most commonly used categories are Realms, Regions, Provinces, Districts and Ecoregions (Morrone, 2018;Spalding et al, 2007). Provinces are described as large areas defined by the presence of particular biotas, with some cohesion from an evolutionary perspective, and endemism, principally at the level of species (Spalding et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Magellanic Province and its fish fauna (South America): Several provinces or one?

Cousseau

Pequeño

Mabragaña

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim We assessed the validity of the division of the Magellanic Province into the four provinces as proposed by Briggs & Bowen (J Biogeogr 39 12–30, 2012): Southern Chile, Tierra del Fuego, Southern Argentina and Falkland (Malvinas) Islands. We aimed to (a) present an updated list of the fishes from the region known as ‘Magellanic Province’, (b) analyse the specific richness of fishes in the Atlantic and Pacific sectors and their degree of endemism and (c) evaluate statistically the validity of the three Provinces proposed for the Atlantic sector. Location Southern tip of the American continent at latitudes higher than 40° S in the Atlantic as well as in the Pacific Oceans. Taxon 348 South American marine fish species. Methods The list of fishes was prepared by consulting more than 140 sources, many related to observations resulting from research cruises, although two ichthyological collections and two ichthyological websites were also used. The South American species with distributions extending outside of the area corresponding to the Magellanic Province, and all cosmopolitan species, were excluded of endemism analyses. For analysing fish distributions in the Atlantic sector, the data employed are from eight research cruises carried out from 1978 to 2006 from 37° to 55° south. A total of 523 fishing trawls have been analysed, grouped into cell of 1° × 1° cells. The species composition of each cell was evaluated by multivariate analysis (non‐metric multidimensional scaling, cluster and similarity analyses). Results The percentage of endemism in each sector (Atlantic 2.87% and Pacific 2.87%) is smaller than the endemism common to both sectors (9.2%). The total of endemic species in the Province is 14.94%, which is bigger than the 10% indicated as the lower limit for defining a biogeographic province suggested by Briggs (Marine Zoogeography, 1974). In addition, multivariate analyses do not show differences in the species composition, neither between Falkland (Malvinas) Islands and ‘Southern Argentina’ nor between the latter and Tierra del Fuego. Main conclusions The ichthyological data indicate only one biogeographic province in the region not four as previously posited.

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Section: Conservation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magellanic Province and its fish fauna (South America): Several provinces or one?

Cousseau

Pequeño

Mabragaña

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Just as the definition of species, in all its complexity, facilitates our comprehension on the boundaries of natural entities, the definition of biogeographical regions (henceforward bioregions) facilitates our understanding on the distribution of biotas in space (Morrone, ). They are useful in improving practicality of conservation measures (Gustafsson et al, ), in studies of lineage evolution and ecology, or in simply facilitating communication among scientists (Morrone, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This culminated in the establishment of an International Code of Area Nomenclature, henceforth ICAN (Ebach, Morrone, Parenti, & Viloria, ). As the definition of a bioregion sometimes is not consensual and must be revisited (Noguera‐Urbano, ), a standard code such as ICAN can provide objective rules and criteria on classifying bioregions hierarchically (Morrone, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outstanding plant endemism levels strongly support the recognition ofcampo rupestreprovinces in mountaintops of eastern South America

Colli‐Silva

Vasconcelos

Pirani

2019

Journal of Biogeography

104

100

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Aim The Brazilian campo rupestre is a vegetation associated to ancient mountaintops in eastern South America, spread mainly over disjunct areas of the Espinhaço Range and the Chapada dos Veadeiros. These areas hold outstanding levels of plant diversity and endemism, but despite their uniqueness they have been neglected in recent bioregionalizations for the Neotropical region. Given their particular levels of species richness and endemism, we here test the recognition of these as distinct bioregions within the Chacoan dominion. Location Mountaintops of eastern South America. Methods We listed 1,748 angiosperm species endemic to the campo rupestre of the Espinhaço Range and Chapada dos Veadeiros regions, based on the data gathered from the Brazilian Flora 2020 Project. We extracted all occurrence information available from GBIF (the Global Biodiversity Information Facility) for such list and also for a polygon gathering all the study area, including information from adjacent vegetations. Data went through standard cleaning procedures and a network clustering analysis was performed to delimitate the boundaries of the new bioregions. Results Our data strongly support the recognition of two distinct bioregions along the Espinhaço Range, but none in the Chapada dos Veadeiros. Given their high levels of endemism and singularity within the Chacoan dominion, we formalize two provinces associated to campo rupestre in the Espinhaço Range, naming them as “Chapada Diamantina” and “Southern Espinhaço” provinces. Within the latter province, three districts are also recognized, based on this and previous studies: “Diamantina Plateau”, “Grão‐Mogol” and “Iron Quadrangle” districts. Main conclusions The formalization of new and previously described bioregions highlights the campo rupestre as a vegetation harbouring outstanding levels of species richness and endemism in South America, contributing to a better understanding of biogeographical patterns in the Neotropics. Also, as we follow the International Code of Area Nomenclature as a device to standardize recognition of bioregions, this shall facilitate further biogeographical and conservation studies in these areas. Further assessments with new and revisited data are needed to enable minor scale bioregionalization within the Chacoan dominion.

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“…Multivariate methods, such as hierarchical clustering algorithms, have thus been successfully applied in a wide range of studies focused on a variety of organisms, under very different spatial scale (from regional to worldwide perspective). Besides, the identification of meaningful and coherent bioregions represents only one step of the biogeographical regionalizations (Morrone, 2018). Besides, the identification of meaningful and coherent bioregions represents only one step of the biogeographical regionalizations (Morrone, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeographical network analysis of plant species distribution in the Mediterranean region

Lenormand¹,

Papuga

Argagnon

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The delimitation of bioregions helps to understand historical and ecological drivers of species distribution. In this work, we performed a network analysis of the spatial distribution patterns of plants in south of France (Languedoc‐Roussillon and Provence‐Alpes‐Côte d'Azur) to analyze the biogeographical structure of the French Mediterranean flora at different scales. We used a network approach to identify and characterize biogeographical regions, based on a large database containing 2.5 million of geolocalized plant records corresponding to more than 3,500 plant species. This methodology is performed following five steps, from the biogeographical bipartite network construction to the identification of biogeographical regions under the form of spatial network communities, the analysis of their interactions, and the identification of clusters of plant species based on the species contribution to the biogeographical regions. First, we identified two sub‐networks that distinguish Mediterranean and temperate biota. Then, we separated eight statistically significant bioregions that present a complex spatial structure. Some of them are spatially well delimited and match with particular geological entities. On the other hand, fuzzy transitions arise between adjacent bioregions that share a common geological setting, but are spread along a climatic gradient. The proposed network approach illustrates the biogeographical structure of the flora in southern France and provides precise insights into the relationships between bioregions. This approach sheds light on ecological drivers shaping the distribution of Mediterranean biota: The interplay between a climatic gradient and geological substrate shapes biodiversity patterns. Finally, this work exemplifies why fragmented distributions are common in the Mediterranean region, isolating groups of species that share a similar eco‐evolutionary history.

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The spectre of biogeographical regionalization

Cited by 94 publications

References 75 publications

The Magellanic Province and its fish fauna (South America): Several provinces or one?

The Magellanic Province and its fish fauna (South America): Several provinces or one?

Outstanding plant endemism levels strongly support the recognition ofcampo rupestreprovinces in mountaintops of eastern South America

Biogeographical network analysis of plant species distribution in the Mediterranean region

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