The solidification process in electroslag remelting

The Electroslag Remelting of High-Speed Steel Using a Magnetic Field.

“…But in general, the structure was distinct finer, however, with the continual skeleton of eutectic carbides. 4) The magnetic field applied during ES remelting of the conventional compact electrode caused only the light positive changes in the structure. From the shape of the electrode tip, 9) one could judge that such process did not alter the dropping mechanism of material conveying from the consumable electrode through a slag pool to a metal pool to be conventional for classical ES remelting.…”

“…Such intervention into the thermal balance and the character of the material conveying explains the perceivable acceleration of the ingot formation process despite the same volume of generated heat. 5,8) Taking the character of generated Lorentz forces and their influence on the melt and the solidification zone into consideration, we can continue referring to the condition illustrated in Fig. 1.…”

“…Considering, the forming solid phase has the electric conductivity from 2 to 4 times higher than surrounding molten metal, it is therefore clear that Lorentz forces are the agents that can effectively interfere in the process of primary structure formation affecting the volume fraction, morphology and distribution of structure constituents. [4][5][6][7][8] …”

“…The energy consumption was reduced because of the Lorentz forces acting on the consumable electrode tip caused the acceleration of its melting-down by 15-30% [4][5][6][7][8] at the identical parameters of the ES process, such as voltage, electric current, an electrode diameter and slag quantity. After remelting of the high-speed steels was found that the tool life, especially at the interrupted cut, was lower than that of the identical steels processed by forming or powder metallurgy.…”

Using Electromagnetic Levitation for Continuous Casting of Thin Aluminium Alloys Strip

“…In the early stages of investigation, the calculation of the parameters for the horizontal EMM (HEMM) started with the experimentally determined dependence of the air gap a on the magnetic field intensity H. This was then transformed into a mathematical form using regression analysis. 8) In the next stage, 9) increasing the pressure generated by the magnetic field when the air gap is reduced was explained as the result of interactions between the electrical current of the inductor and the conductive liquid metal. On this basis, the relations were formulated to compute the dependence of a-H in the working space of a real inductor using the finite element method.…”