The Soils of Mexico

Krasilnikov, Pavel; Gutiérrez-Castorena, Ma. del Carmen; Ahrens, Robert J.; Cruz-Gaistardo, Carlos Omar; Sedov, Sergey; Solleiro‐Rebolledo, Elizabeth

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5660-1

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…The sites are on consistently flat terrain, with less than 50 m of altitudinal variation among them ( Table 1). The soils of the Yucatan Peninsula are formed on Tertiary limestone in a typical karstic landscape of flat rock outcrops and shallow depressions, and generally fall into two groups: shallow black soils (Lithic usthortens) surrounding rock outcrops and deeper reddish soils with poor differentiation of horizon (Lithic haplustolls) at slightly lower relief (Krasilnikov et al, 2013). Soils at the dry extreme of the gradient are mainly black soils; with increase MAP, the cover area of red soils also increases, making them the main soils at the wettest site.…”

Section: Field Sites and Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in soil carbon sequestration and their determinants along a precipitation gradient in seasonally dry tropical forest ecosystems

Campo

Merino

2016

Global Change Biology

107

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The effect of precipitation regime on the C cycle of tropical forests is poorly understood, despite the existence of models that suggest a drier climate may substantially alter the source-sink function of these ecosystems. Along a precipitation regime gradient containing 12 mature seasonally dry tropical forests growing under otherwise similar conditions (similar annual temperature, rainfall seasonality, and geological substrate), we analyzed the influence of variation in annual precipitation (1240 to 642 mm) and duration of seasonal drought on soil C. We investigated litterfall, decomposition in the forest floor, and C storage in the mineral soil, and analyzed the dependence of these processes and pools on precipitation. Litterfall decreased slightly - about 10% - from stands with 1240 mm yr(-1) to those with 642 mm yr(-1), while the decomposition decreased by 56%. Reduced precipitation strongly affected C storage and basal respiration in the mineral soil. Higher soil C storage at the drier sites was also related to the higher chemical recalcitrance of litter (fine roots and forest floor) and the presence of charcoal across sites, suggesting an important indirect influence of climate on C sequestration. Basal respiration was controlled by the amount of recalcitrant organic matter in the mineral soil. We conclude that in these forest ecosystems, the long-term consequences of decreased precipitation would be an increase in organic layer and mineral soil C storage, mainly due to lower decomposition and higher chemical recalcitrance of organic matter, resulting from changes in litter composition and, likely also, wildfire patterns. This could turn these seasonally dry tropical forests into significant soil C sinks under the predicted longer drought periods if primary productivity is maintained.

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Section: Field Sites and Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in soil carbon sequestration and their determinants along a precipitation gradient in seasonally dry tropical forest ecosystems

Campo

Merino

2016

Global Change Biology

107

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“…However, the largest contributor for this curated dataset is the U.S. USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, where the SOC concentration was mainly obtained by the Walkley‐Black technique (Soil Survey Staff., ). All samples for Mexico were systematically collected and analyzed by INEGI (INEGI, , Krasilnikov et al, ), and SOC concentration was also measured using the Walkley‐Black technique. Potential error propagation from the use of different methods to calculate SOC using information collected over long periods of time (before 1991) is beyond the scope of this study.…”

Section: Datasets and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Organic Carbon Across Mexico and the Conterminous United States (1991–2010)

Guevara

Arroyo

Brunsell

et al. 2020

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) information is fundamental for improving global carbon cycle modeling efforts, but discrepancies exist from country‐to‐global scales. We predicted the spatial distribution of SOC stocks (topsoil; 0–30 cm) and quantified modeling uncertainty across Mexico and the conterminous United States (CONUS). We used a multisource SOC dataset (>10 000 pedons, between 1991 and 2010) coupled with a simulated annealing regression framework that accounts for variable selection. Our model explained ~50% of SOC spatial variability (across 250‐m grids). We analyzed model variance, and the residual variance of six conventional pedotransfer functions for estimating bulk density to calculate SOC stocks. Two independent datasets confirmed that the SOC stock for both countries represents between 46 and 47 Pg with a total modeling variance of ±12 Pg. We report a residual variance of 10.4 ±5.1 Pg of SOC stocks calculated from six pedotransfer functions for soil bulk density. When reducing training data to define decades with relatively higher density of observations (1991–2000 and 2001–2010, respectively), model variance for predicted SOC stocks ranged between 41 and 55 Pg. We found nearly 42% of SOC across Mexico in forests and 24% in croplands, whereas 31% was found in forests and 28% in croplands across CONUS. Grasslands and shrublands stored 29 and 35% of SOC across Mexico and CONUS, respectively. We predicted SOC stocks >30% below recent global estimates that do not account for uncertainty and are based on legacy data. Our results provide insights for interpretation of estimates based on SOC legacy data and benchmarks for improving regional‐to‐global monitoring efforts.

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“…En la región de Zacatlán, Puebla, los BMM forman parte de la Región Terrestre Prioritaria de Conservación RTP 102, y presentan dominantemente Andosols (Krasilnikov et al, 2013). Esta región muestra fragmentación del hábitat en 60% e intensa degradación de suelos (SEMARNAP-CP, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…La relación que tienen con zonas volcánicas permiten actividades forestales, agrícolas y frutícolas bajo diferentes manejos tanto orgánicos como inorgánicos, y con diferentes sistemas de labranza: convencional, tradicional, mínima o cero (Tapia-Vargas et al, 2001;Velásquez-Valle et al, 2006, 2007Muñoz-Villalobos et al, 2011). El problema de estos suelos es que son altamente susceptibles a la erosión hídrica y eólica (Krasilnikov et al, 2013), lo que incrementa aún más la fragilidad de los ecosistemas de los BMM. La hipótesis que se plantea en la presente investigación es que los sistemas agroforestales en BMM son adecuados para la conservación o mejoramiento de la calidad de los Andosols después del cambio de uso de suelo; no obstante, puede haber diferencias entre los manejos orgánicos e inorgánicos en sus propiedades edáf icas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Calidad de Andosols en sistemas forestal, agroforestal y agrícola con diferentes manejos en Zacatlán, Puebla

Ordoñez

Gutiérrez-Castorena

Solorio

et al. 2017

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Los estudios de suelos en sistemas agroforestales relacionados con bosques mesóf ilos de montaña han sido poco abordados en nuestro país, especialmente los desarrollados en Andosols, los cuales son susceptibles a los procesos de degradación por el cambio de uso del suelo. El presente estudio se realizó en el municipio de Zacatlán, Puebla con el objetivo de caracterizar la calidad de los Andosols bajo diferentes sistemas de manejo. Los métodos que se emplearon fueron: entrevistas a productores para identif icar los sistemas, descripción de perf iles de suelos, análisis de laboratorio y análisis de similaridad de los diferentes manejos. Los resultados indicaron que la zona de estudio está integrada por tres sistemas: bosque mesóf ilo de Montaña (BMM), agroforestal (asociaciones manzana-maíz-calabaza-arándanos) y agrícola, con adición de abonos orgánicos (FO) o fertilización inorgánica (FI). En los Andosols con BMM, la estructura biológica domina (agregados migajosos y granulares hasta los 55 cm de profundidad), presentan alto contenido de materia orgánica del suelo (MOS) (31%), alta retención de humedad (194.5%) y baja densidad aparente (Da) (0.49 g cm-3). Con el cambio de uso de suelo (de bosque a agroforestal o agrícola), la estructura biológica se reduce en espesor o desaparece y dominan los bloques sub-angulares, debido a la disminución drástica del contenido de MOS (a 16.3 o a 6.3%), y retención de humedad (de 97 y a 47%). Además, la Da aumentó hasta 1 g cm-3 en el sistema agrícola. Por el contrario, en tierras degradadas, el sistema agroforestal con manejo orgánico ha mejorado la calidad del horizonte superf icial en menos de seis años y con la FO o FI algunos sistemas agroforestales aumentaron los contenidos de Ntot y P. Los índices que mejor caracterizaron la calidad de los Andosols bajo diferentes sistemas fueron: estructura del suelo, MOS, Ntot, P y retención de humedad.

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The Soils of Mexico

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Variations in soil carbon sequestration and their determinants along a precipitation gradient in seasonally dry tropical forest ecosystems

Variations in soil carbon sequestration and their determinants along a precipitation gradient in seasonally dry tropical forest ecosystems

Soil Organic Carbon Across Mexico and the Conterminous United States (1991–2010)

Calidad de Andosols en sistemas forestal, agroforestal y agrícola con diferentes manejos en Zacatlán, Puebla

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