The sodium, potassium, and water contents of red blood cells of healthy human adults.

Beilin, L. J.; Knight, George J.; Munro-Faure, A. D.; Anderson, J.

doi:10.1172/jci105485

Cited by 106 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Similar to other studies, 48 " 50 women in our reference group had a significantly lower rate of cation imbalance than men. This finding lends additional support to the link between insulin resistance and cation imbalance, since women have been reported to be more insulin-sensitive than men.…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

Altered erythrocyte and plasma sodium and potassium in hypertension, a facet of hyperinsulinemia.

et al. 1988

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SUMMARY Red blood cell sodium and potassium, plasma potassium, glucose and insulin responses to oral glucose load, serum urate, and plasma triglycerides were determined in a stratified subsample (n = 89) of a representative population sample (n= 1211), comprising 30 nonobese normotensive subjects with normal glucose tolerance (reference group) and 59 subjects representing each of the seven possible combinations of abnormal glucose tolerance, obesity, and hypertension. Rate of cation imbalance (red blood cell sodium > 7.0 mEq/L, potassium < 92.5 mEq/L, or plasma potassium > 4.5 mEq/L) was 88.1% in subjects with abnormal tolerance, obesity, or hypertension, as compared with 40.0% in the reference group (p< 0.001). These subjects were also characterized by significantly greater rates of insulin response: 60-and 120-minute postload levels of 100 mU/L or more (88.1 vs 46.7%), plasma triglycerides of 80 mg/dl or more (89.8 vs 53.3%) and serum uric acid of 5.5 mg/dl or more (61.0 vs 26.7%; p < 0.001 for all). The rate of cation imbalance was significantly associated with each of these three biochemical correlates: insulin response (p<0.01), triglycerides (p< 0.001), and urate (p< 0.001). In the total population sample, the rate of untreated hypertension increased from 18% to 35% to 55.3% (p<0.001), with an increase in the number of biochemical correlates of cation imbalance in combination with glucose intolerance and obesity. Since insulin is a regulator of membrane cation transport, whereas abnormal glucose tolerance, obesity, and hypertension, as well as elevated serum urate and triglycerides, are correlates of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, we conclude that hyperinsulinemia is implicated in the cation transport abnormalities that characterize hypertension, obesity, and glucose intolerance. 6 Essential hypertension has recently been shown to be characterized by hyperinsulinemia, a long-known feature of obesity and glucose intolerance, where it reflects insulin resistance.

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confidence: 91%

Altered erythrocyte and plasma sodium and potassium in hypertension, a facet of hyperinsulinemia.

et al. 1988

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“…Several studies have shown that the Na+ concentration in erythrocytes (RBCs)' from normotensive blacks is higher than that of their white counterparts (1)(2)(3) and that erythrocytes of normotensive men have a higher Na+ concentration than those from women (4)(5)(6)(7). Since essential hypertension is more common in blacks and men as compared with whites and women of premenopausal age (8)(9)(10), and because increased Na+ concentration has frequently been demonstrated in blood cells of hypertensive patients (11)(12)(13)(14), it is possible that the higher RBC Na+ concentration in blacks and males reflects differences in the cellular regulation of Na+ which increase the likelihood of developing hypertension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race and sex differences in erythrocyte Na+, K+, and Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase.

Lasker¹,

Hopp²,

Grossman³

et al. 1985

J. Clin. Invest.

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Several reports indicate that erythrocytes (RBCs) from blacks and men have higher sodium concentrations than those from whites and women. One possible mechanism to explain this finding is a difference in the activity of Na'-K+-ATPase. To explore this possibility, we have studied the Na' And K+ kinetics of RBC Na'-K+-ATPase and RBC Na' and KV concentrations in 37 normotensive blacks and whites, both males and females. The maximal initial reaction velocity (V..,[) values for RBC Na'-K+-ATPase were lower in blacks and men as compared with whites and women. Higher RBC Na+ levels were observed in blacks and males vs. whites and females. Significant inverse correlations were noted between the Na+-K+-ATPase activity and RBC Na+ concentrations. These findings indicate that cellular Na+ homeostasis is different in blacks and men as compared with whites and women. Since higher RBC Na+ concentrations have also been observed in patients with essential hypertension as compared with normotensive subjects, the higher intracellular Na' concentrations in blacks and men may contribute to the greater predisposition of these groups to essential hypertension.

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“…(4) The utilisation of radioactive sodium as tracer is exigent of particular experimental conditions (Beilin et al 1966) to eliminate the exchange of the tracer between plasma and RBC. To overcome this difficulty authors effected their experiments at low temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasma which inevitably contaminates the RBC samples, is a potential source of significant error ; because of the high concentration of sodium in plasma, small contaminant may create major aberration in the apparent concentration of sodium in the RBC. Several radioactive tracers have been utilised to determine the amount of extracellular sodium analysed with the RBC sodium specimens such as (a) radioactive sodium (Beilin et al 1966 The water, sodium and potassium content of RBC had been studied by many authors on the assumption that RBC reflect, more or less accurately, the state in the cells of the body as a whole. We tried in this work to demonstrate if RBC, in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites, could be a parameter of intracellular sodium retention.…”

Section: Afifi F Some Red Blood Cell Abnormalities In Patients Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some red blood cell abnormalities in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. I Red blood cell sodium, potassium and water content.

Afifi¹

1985

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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The sodium, potassium, and water contents of red blood cells of healthy human adults.

Cited by 106 publications

References 14 publications

Altered erythrocyte and plasma sodium and potassium in hypertension, a facet of hyperinsulinemia.

Altered erythrocyte and plasma sodium and potassium in hypertension, a facet of hyperinsulinemia.

Race and sex differences in erythrocyte Na+, K+, and Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase.

Some red blood cell abnormalities in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. I Red blood cell sodium, potassium and water content.

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