The Social Fabric of Cities

Netto, Vinícius M.

doi:10.4324/9781315552804

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…When individuals of different social groups can see one another, even if they do not directly interact, they can develop empathy for each other, which is an important step in fighting social inequality [8,[27][28][29]. These studies consider the daily routines of individuals and try to identify the importance of the the spatial configuration of cities by comparing it with some of Spatial Syntax's measures, such as accessibility.…”

Section: Urban Segregation and Spatial Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Segregation and Socio-Spatial Interactions: A Configurational Approach

Machado

Maraschin

2018

Urban Science

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Abstract:Urban segregation is an inherent feature of cities and becomes a problem when excluding or hindering certain groups from accessing services, activities and spaces. In Brazil, segregation by social class is dominant in the structure of cities and public policies rarely address urban configuration as part of the segregation problem. This work addresses segregation with a shift in emphasis from traditional housing segregation to segregation as the restraint of socio-spatial interactions, thus including other facets of the phenomenon that have not yet been properly explored and seeking new spatially relevant metrics. This paper aims to present a methodology of segregation analysis based on configurational models and develop an empirical application in a Brazilian city. Representing the probabilities of interaction between different socio-economic groups in public spaces, a configurational model was used, addressing retail-residence spatial relationship. The attributes of population size, household income and number of retail establishments were considered. The results allowed identifying the probabilistic residence-retail trajectories for high and low income groups, providing a first measure of spatial segregation. The conclusions seek to highlight the importance of configurational approaches for segregation studies, as well as to show potentialities and limits of this methodology.

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Section: Urban Segregation and Spatial Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Segregation and Socio-Spatial Interactions: A Configurational Approach

Machado

Maraschin

2018

Urban Science

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“…O espaço não só representa a atividade social: ele é atuado -portanto, carregado de significados relacionados a nossas atuações, e pode adquirir um nível de definição semelhante a categorias da ação. Esta é a dimensão semântica do espaço: o espaço "significa" tanto quanto nossas ações, porque é semantizado por nossas ações (Netto, 2008(Netto, , 2017. Esta informação "atuada" é muito importante.…”

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“…O espaço urbano 1 Veja Heidegger (1962, p. 136) sobre a "multiplicidade de lugares" e "posições possíveis". se torna um "sistema de referência" para nossa ação (Netto, 2008(Netto, , 2017.…”

Section: /267unclassified

Cidade e interação: o papel do espaço urbano na organização social

Netto

Meirelles

Ribeiro³

2018

urbe, Rev. Bras. Gest. Urbana

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ResumoComo ações pessoais, aparentemente caóticas, podem gerar os imensos sistemas de interações em que vivemos? Neste artigo, buscamos responder a esta pergunta sugerindo que há um papel para as cidades, na forma de coordenar nossas ações. Investigamos esse processo explorando um conceito particular: a "entropia" ou como sistemas lidam com a incerteza e imprevisibilidade na transição de ações individuais para sistemas de ação. Examinando as condições de (i) as ações como dependentes da informação em seu ambiente e de (ii) a cidade como ambiente de informação, propomos que (iii) a cidade produz diferenças na probabilidade de que certas interações venham a ser realizadas. Investigamos este processo através de simulações de diferentes cenários, de modo a identificar o espaço como uma condição necessária, mas não suficiente, para reduzir entropia social. Finalmente, sugerimos que os estados e flutuações da entropia são uma parte vital da reprodução social, e revelam profundas conexões entre sistemas sociais, informacionais e espaciais. Palavras

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“…But theories of cognition suggest much more: space would be semanticized by our actions. That means that activity places are informationally differentiated and acquire a level of semantic definition similar to types of action [49,50]. This differentiation is enacted in and associated with the very structure of urban space.…”

Section: The City As a Frame Of Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Every time we move through the city and select places to perform, we participate in the large-scale coordination of action. We enact space as a "referential system" [49,50], a set of semantic bits indexing social activities, informing and guiding daily decisions. Space becomes inherently part of the conversion of orientations into interactions, that is, connections that crisscross sequences of actions, re/creating the interaction system.…”

Section: Cities and Social Interaction: Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Interaction and the City: The Effect of Space on the Reduction of Entropy

2017

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How can individual acts amount to coherent systems of interaction? In this paper, we attempt to answer this key question by suggesting that there is a place for cities in the way we coordinate seemingly chaotic decisions. We look into the elementary processes of social interaction exploring a particular concept, "social entropy," or how social systems deal with uncertainty and unpredictability in the transition from individual actions to systems of interaction. Examining possibilities that (i) actions rely on informational differences latent in their environments and that (ii) the city itself is an information environment to actions, we propose that (iii) space becomes a form of creating differences in the probabilities of interaction. We investigate this process through simulations of distinct material scenarios, to find that space is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the reduction of entropy. Finally, we suggest that states and fluctuations of entropy are a vital part of social reproduction and reveal a deep connection between social, informational, and spatial systems.

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The Social Fabric of Cities

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Urban Segregation and Socio-Spatial Interactions: A Configurational Approach

Urban Segregation and Socio-Spatial Interactions: A Configurational Approach

Cidade e interação: o papel do espaço urbano na organização social

Social Interaction and the City: The Effect of Space on the Reduction of Entropy

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