The Social Desirability Response Bias in Ethics Research

Randall, Donna M.; Fernandes, Maria F.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4126-3_9

Cited by 211 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Second, as with previous research involving sensitive practices (Good and Stone 1995), there is a limit when measuring respondents' honesty. Thus, while pressures may exist to respond in a certain manner, the methodology offered respondent anonymity to reduce external influences (Randall and Fernandes 1991). In addition, while the traits of the respondents appear to logically represent the population under study, there are, of course, chances that differences might exist among a differently distributed population or sample.…”

Section: Limitations and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transformational Leadership and its Impact on Sales Force Moral Judgment

Schwepker¹,

Good²

2010

Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management

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Sales research often notes the critical role of sales managers in providing interface between the firm and the salesperson while cultivating sales performance in highly competitive marketplaces. In such a stressful environment, reports of unethical behaviors (results, causes, effects, etc.) continue to plague the profession. In this context, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of a chiefly unexplored quality of sales managers, transformational leadership, and its affect on the moral judgment of the sales force. In a study of 345 business-to-business salespeople, it was found that transformational leadership has an indirect effect on moral judgment as well as direct effects on supervisory capability orientation and the trust of the salesperson in the manager. Managerial and research implications are also offered as part of the paper. Downloaded by [University of

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Section: Limitations and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transformational Leadership and its Impact on Sales Force Moral Judgment

Schwepker¹,

Good²

2010

Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management

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“…32 However, tests of such personality traits may have low, if any, predictability for intentional fraud behavior, as “fraudsters” may not respond to these questions honestly.…”

Section: Questionnaire/instrument Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting, Preventing, and Responding to “Fraudsters” in Internet Research: Ethics and Tradeoffs

Teitcher¹,

Bockting²,

Bauermeister³

et al. 2015

J. Law. Med. Ethics

359

312

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Internet‐based health research is increasing, and often offers financial incentives but fraudulent behavior by participants can result. Specifically, eligible or ineligible individuals may enter the study multiple times and receive undeserved financial compensation. We review past experiences and approaches to this problem and propose several new strategies. Researchers can detect and prevent Internet research fraud in four broad ways: (1) through the questionnaire/instrument (e.g., including certain questions in survey; and software for administering survey); (2) through participants' non‐questionnaire data and seeking external validation (e.g., checking data for same email addresses, usernames, passwords, and/or fake addresses or phone numbers; (3) through computer information, (e.g., IP addresses and cookies), and 4) through study design (e.g., avoid lump sum compensation and interviewing participants). These approaches each have pros and cons, and raise ethical, legal, and logistical questions, given that ethical tensions can emerge between preserving the integrity of research vs. protecting the privacy and confidentiality of study respondents. While past discussions concerning the ethics of online research have tended to focus on the participants' ability to trust the researchers, needs now arise to examine researchers' abilities to trust the participants. This analysis has several critical implications for future practice, policy, and research.

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“…For instance, sex, job tenure (in years), and the hours of ethics training provided by the organization (in the last year) were specified as controls because these factors could influence individual attitudes. Social desirability was also included as a control because individuals may provide responses that they believe are socially correct, which can adversely impact ethics research (Randall and Fernandes, 1991). Four statements taken from a ten-item Marlowe-Crowne scale (Crowne and Marlowe, 1960;Fischer and Fick, 1993;Strahan and Gerbasi, 1972) were used to measure social desirability, and these statements included "I like to gossip at times", "There have been occasions when I took advantage of someone", "I sometimes try to get even, rather than forgive and forget", and "At times I have really insisted on having things my own way".…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%