The smoking epidemic across generations, genders, and educational groups: A matter of diffusion of innovations

Novi, Cinzia Di; Marenzi, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2019.01.003

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…It is possible that higher education equips smokers with skills (Pampel et al, 2010) that help them implement voluntary smoke-free rules. Persons with higher education are often among early adopters of healthful changes either because they can readily or easily accept change or because they have the skills and resources to adopt them (Di Novi & Marenzi, 2019). Low-income smokers may use smoking as a coping strategy to deal with financial stress or stressful living situations (Hiscock et al, 2012; Parnia & Siddiqi, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Quantity Smoked and Socioeconomic Status With Smoke-Free Homes and Cars Among Daily Smokers

et al. 2021

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Introduction An association between socioeconomic status (SES) and smoke-free private spaces among smokers could be due to heavier smoking among low SES smokers. We assessed whether quantity smoked or SES are independently associated with smoke-free homes or cars in daily smokers. Method Data were drawn from a cross-sectional telephone survey (2011–2012) of 750 daily smokers age ≥18 years in Quebec, Canada (45% response). Multivariable logistic regression was used to model the independent association between (a) number of cigarettes smoked per day, and (b) each of educational attainment, annual household income, or active employment status and smoke-free homes or cars. Results Participants were 41.0 years old on average, 57% were female. Median (IQR) number of cigarettes smoked per day was 14 (10, 20). Forty-eight percent of participants reported smoke-free homes; 34% reported smoke-free cars. Quantity smoked was strongly associated with both smoke-free homes and cars. Income and education (but not actively employed) were associated with smoke-free homes. None of the SES indicators were associated with smoke-free cars. Conclusions Interventions targeting smokers to promote smoke-free homes and cars should incorporate components to help smokers reduce quantity smoked or preferably, to quit. Interventions targeting smoke-free homes will also need to address SES inequalities by education and income. Our data suggest that reduction in quantity smoked may help smokers reduce SHS exposure in cars, but that an inequality lens may not be relevant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Quantity Smoked and Socioeconomic Status With Smoke-Free Homes and Cars Among Daily Smokers

et al. 2021

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“…Although the number of smokers in OECD countries is gradually decreasing, smoking still remains a relatively serious problem (OECD, 2016;Di Novi & Marenzi, 2019). It should be remembered that tobacco kills more than 8 million people worldwide each year, and the tobacco epidemic is also associated with population morbidity and economic losses (WHO, 2013;.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the minimum wage on smoking-related indicators in selected OECD countries

Rigelský

Ivanková

Gavurová

et al. 2020

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Research background: The amount of the minimum wage is, in some sense, an indicator of the economic level of a country. There are considerable differences in this indicator between the countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). At the same time, the minimum wage is also an instrument that largely regulates people's behaviour and affects different areas of life. Purpose of the article: The objective of this study is to determine the relations between the minimum wage and individual smoking-related indicators in a sample of selected OECD countries (16 countries). The study answers the question of whether people in countries with lower minimum wages (lower development) smoke more than in countries with higher minimum wages. Methods: Four variables entered into the analytical processing, the minimum wage, daily smokers (age 15+), daily smokers (age 15-24) and tobacco consumption in grams per capita (age 15+). The data were collected between 2011 and 2017. The analysis was carried out in three steps — descriptive analysis, cluster analysis and regression analysis. Findings & Value added: It has been found that the minimum wage negatively affects smoking and tobacco consumption, i.e. in developed countries, where the minimum wage is higher, people smoke less. Regarding the evaluation of minimum wage and tobacco consumption, countries such as Austria, New Zealand or the United States can be considered positive. On the other hand, opportunities for improvement can be seen in countries such as the Czech Republic, Spain, Estonia and Israel. The study highlights the importance of the effect of the minimum wage on selected smoking-related indicators in selected OECD countries. In all three cases, there was a negative relation; therefore, smoking can be expected to decrease, if the minimum wage is increased.

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“…Outside the tertiary education segment, but still within the education system, Rogers's theory of diffusion of innovation is used [91] in connection with education for sustainable development at primary schools. Several authors have used this theory in education recently [92][93][94][95][96]. To summarise this section, (i) metacognition can be positively developed, (ii) technology has an impact on teaching, (iii) innovation theory can be used as a basis for developing effective educational strategies, and (iv) innovation theory is already used in the school environment.…”

Section: Metacognition In Mathematics Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Teacher’s Progressiveness in Using Digital Technologies Influences Levels of Pupils’ Metacognitive Knowledge in Mathematics

2019

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The low efficiency of using appropriate strategies to solve problems in the classroom environment is not due to the lack of knowledge of how to classify concepts, but rather due to the failure to apply this knowledge strategically. Therefore, it is necessary to find a balance between them, i.e., to let the pupils discuss the problems while supporting the teacher’s intervention. The aim of the presented study was to examine the influence of a teacher’s progressiveness on the level of metacognitive knowledge of the pupil. Altogether, 47 teachers and 278 pupils at grade 5 were participating in the study. It is shown that the approach of teachers to innovation itself has an influence on the pupil. When comparing all five groups of innovators, the difference among the categories of teachers was significant ( p = 0.044 ) with the low effect ( d c o h e n = 0.3 ) . When considering only the two almost antagonistic poles of teachers, the innovators and the late majority according to Roger’s innovation diffusion theory, this influence was very strong ( p = 0.009 ) and with medium effect ( d c o h e n = 0.725 ). Our research shows that it is necessary to address the teacher’s innovativeness, affecting the level of metacognitive knowledge of the pupil as an important prediction tool determining school success.

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The smoking epidemic across generations, genders, and educational groups: A matter of diffusion of innovations

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Associations of Quantity Smoked and Socioeconomic Status With Smoke-Free Homes and Cars Among Daily Smokers

Associations of Quantity Smoked and Socioeconomic Status With Smoke-Free Homes and Cars Among Daily Smokers

The effect of the minimum wage on smoking-related indicators in selected OECD countries

How Teacher’s Progressiveness in Using Digital Technologies Influences Levels of Pupils’ Metacognitive Knowledge in Mathematics

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