The Small Group and Democratic Social Engineering, 1900–1950

Graebner, William

doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1986.tb00211.x

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…6. Graebner (1986) documents the development of this notion of 'democratic social engineering', and raises questions about its democratic character. See Lippit, 1986, andM.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Action research: a contradiction in terms?

Hammersley

2004

Oxford Review of Education

153

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The core idea of action research is that there should be an intimate relationship between inquiry and practical or political activities. A challenge to this idea based on an influential ancient Greek hierarchy between theoria and praxis is examined. The contrary, pragmatist, notion that all inquiry arises out of human activity is accepted, but not the instrumentalism sometimes derived from it. Research must be treated as operating on the same plane as any other activity, but the relationship between the two will always be less than isomorphic, and this creates the prospect of severe tensions. These can be managed contextually in two ways: by subordinating inquiry, or by making it primary. Both are legitimate, but any attempt to treat the two components of action research as equal faces contradiction.

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“…6. Graebner (1986) documents the development of this notion of 'democratic social engineering', and raises questions about its democratic character. See Lippit, 1986, andM.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Action research: a contradiction in terms?

Hammersley

2004

Oxford Review of Education

153

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“…As a new generation of historians of psychology emerged in the post–Vietnam War era, debunking textbook myths became a cottage industry. Soon we found them in one after another psychological specialty: social, industrial‐organizational, experimental, and clinical psychology (Graeber, 1986; Harris, 1979; Gillespie, 1991; Samelson, 1974, 1977).…”

Section: Sleuthing and Debunking In The History Of Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Letting go of little Albert: Disciplinary memory, history, and the uses of myth

Harris

2011

J History Behavioral Science

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In 2009 American Psychologist published the account of an attempt to identify the infant "Albert B.," who participated in Watson and Rayner's study of the conditioning of human fears. Such literal interpretations of the question "Whatever happened to Little Albert?" highlight the importance of historical writing that transcends the narrowly biographical and that avoids the obsessive hunt for "facts." The author of a 1979 study of how secondary sources have told the story of Little Albert relates his attempts to purge incorrect accounts of that story from college textbooks. He renounces such efforts as misguided and suggests that myths in the history of psychology can be instructive, including the myth that the identity of Little Albert has been discovered.

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“…Graebner (1986) documents how the ideas and techniques of "democratic engineers," such as Kurt Lewin himself, were used for undemocratic purposes in the first half of this century. For example, the Foremen's Clubs relied upon a "democratic" style of discussion leadership to manipulate foremen.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Definition and Illustration of Democratic Leadership

Gastil

1994

Human Relations

144

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Renewed calls for demaracy make it imperative that we understand the nature of democratic lcadcrship. Existing definitions of dcmwrstic lcadcrship are inconsistent and inadequate, so this essay provides s clear delinilion that applies lo social groups both large and small. As defined herein, democratic leadership is conceptually distind from positions of authority; rather, it is delined as the performance o f lhree lunctions: distributing responsibility among the membership, empowering group members. and aiding the group's dccisian-making process. Many, most, or all members of a group serve these functions, regularly exchanging the roles of leader and follower. A limited number of practical and moral considerations are identified for asesing the appropriateness of the democratic leadership model for dinerent groups. In sddilian, thc National lssucs Forums program is used to illustrale the model. and suggestions are made lor future research on democratic leadership. K E Y WORDS: democratic leadership; democracy; panicipalian; decision making; facilitation.Across the globe, the tumultuous political events of the past 3 years have raised hopes for the creation and revitalization of democratic institutions. In some countries, dictatorships have crumbled and new governments have crawled from the rubble. In others democratic opposition movements have gained strength, courage, and international recognition. Emboldened citizens in China, Czechoslovakia, Namibia, El Salvador, and elsewhere have organized to promote democratic social change, and new political par-

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The Small Group and Democratic Social Engineering, 1900–1950

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

Action research: a contradiction in terms?

Action research: a contradiction in terms?

Letting go of little Albert: Disciplinary memory, history, and the uses of myth

A Definition and Illustration of Democratic Leadership

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