The Size and Age Structure of Rural Populations of Rattus norvegicus Containing Individuals Resistant to the Anticoagulant Poison Warfarin

Bishop, J. A.; Hartley, D. J.

doi:10.2307/3572

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The absence of temporal abundance fluctuations is probably a consequence of the year-round breeding because of a constant supply of food and water resources and environmental mild conditions throughout the year. Similar results were observed for R. norvegicus in rural habitats where individuals in farms bred all year, while those in surrounding fields showed seasonal reproduction (Leslie et al 1952;Bishop and Hartley 1976;Huson and Rennison 1981;Villa et al 1997). Rat density in farms was low in comparison with other studies carried out in riparian woods in North America, a zoo park of Australia (Williams et al 2003), pig farms in Ireland (Butler and Whelan 1994) and poultry farms in Mexico (Villa et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Spatial and temporal patterns of brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) abundance variation in poultry farms

Villafañe

Busch

2007

Mammalian Biology

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The temporal and spatial patterns of rat abundance variations were studied, and which factors might affect these patterns in poultry farms. Forty-eight poultry farms were sampled from spring 1999 to winter 2001 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Environmental variables of farms, meteorological variables and distances among farms were registered to evaluate a possible association with rat abundance estimated by trap success. Rattus norvegicus was the dominant rat species in the study area. Rat abundance did not vary temporally and there was reproduction at all times. Trap success was more similar among neighboured farms than among farms further apart. Contrary to the abundance of other small rodents, rat abundance was not significantly related to farm characteristics. The lack of coincidence between rats and other small rodents suggests the existence of a differential response of rats to environmental factors of the poultry farms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Spatial and temporal patterns of brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) abundance variation in poultry farms

Villafañe

Busch

2007

Mammalian Biology

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“…An analysis of variance of Jolly's estimates of daily survival at Hightown in 1976 that uses the sex X date interaction as an estimate of the error variance (see Bishop & Hartley 1976) shows no evidence for such a difference (F = 0-33, d.f. 1 and 7, P > 0-1).…”

Section: Estimates Of Survivorshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Studies on the Butterfly Maniola jurtina in Britain. II. Population Dynamics: The Present Position

Brakefield¹

1982

The Journal of Animal Ecology

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“…The present study has the advantage that it was confined to an infestation of a single building complex whose relationships to smaller outlying hedgerow populations had already been determined (Bishop andHartley, 1976, Hartley, 1977). The Welsh valleys experiment (Greaves et al, 1977) measured an overall response from a heterogeneous sample of populations of various sizes in different environments.…”

Section: Discussxomentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative fitness of genotypes in a population of Rattus norvegicus polymorphic for warfarin resistance

Partridge

1979

Heredity

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SUMMARYResistance to warfarin and an increased vitamin K requirement appear to be pleiotropic effects of the same allele (Rw 2). In a natural population containing resistant individuals where the use of warfarin is discouraged the change in the frequency of resistance should reflect the relative fitnesses of the three possible genotypes.A large polymorphic population of rats was extensively poisoned with warfarin and the level of resistance monitored regularly for a period of 18 months after withdrawal of the poison. During this period the proportion of resistant animals in live-capture samples decreased significantly from approxi-. mately 80 per cent to 33 per cent. This decline is consistent with a hypothesis of reduced fitness of both RwZRw2 and Rw'Rw2 genotypes relative to Rw'Rw' under natural conditions. The relative fitnesses of these genotypes were calculated using an optimisation method based on least squares analysis. These estimates were: Rw2Rw2 (0.46), Rw'Rw2 (077) and Rw1Rw' (100).Homozygous resistant individuals were found in some of the samples, confirmlog that the Rw2 allele does not act as a recessive lethal, although it must be extremely disadvantageous.Some heterogeneity was observed in the proportion of resistant animals in samples taken from different areas of the farm building complex. This could reflect stochastic processes influencing the Rw2 allele frequency in small peripheral populations.

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The Size and Age Structure of Rural Populations of Rattus norvegicus Containing Individuals Resistant to the Anticoagulant Poison Warfarin

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

Spatial and temporal patterns of brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) abundance variation in poultry farms

Spatial and temporal patterns of brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) abundance variation in poultry farms

Ecological Studies on the Butterfly Maniola jurtina in Britain. II. Population Dynamics: The Present Position

Relative fitness of genotypes in a population of Rattus norvegicus polymorphic for warfarin resistance

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