Ecological Studies on the Butterfly Maniola jurtina in Britain. II. Population Dynamics: The Present Position

Brakefield, Paul M.

doi:10.2307/4001

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Besides directly reducing the expected lifespan of their prey, costs related to the need to avoid and escape the predators may further enhance their negative effect on butterflies (see, e.g., Creel & Christianson, 2008). Our estimates of butterfly’s life expectancy are notably lower than the 3–12 days of adult life that have been commonly reported for non‐hibernating temperate butterflies in mark–recapture studies (Scott, 1973; Brakefield, 1982; Lederhouse, 1983; Knutson et al. , 1999).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Dragonflies cause spatial and temporal heterogeneity in habitat quality for butterflies

Sang

Teder

2011

Insect Conservation and Diversity

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Abstract. 1. Mortality caused by natural enemies is an essential but largely overlooked aspect of habitat quality for herbivorous insects. Quantitative data on mortality sources and their spatiotemporal variation are especially scarce for adult insects. 2. Here we report the results of an extensive field study aimed to quantify spatial and seasonal variation in dragonfly predation on adult butterflies in their natural habitats in temperate calcareous grasslands. We rely on direct observations of actual predation events during standardised transect walks. 3. Dragonflies were found to exert high mortality in butterflies. Their impact on butterflies was dependent on predator abundance, which strongly varied among habitat patches and during the season. This suggests that dragonflies can generate substantial spatiotemporal heterogeneity in habitat quality for butterflies in terms of survival. 4. Obtaining prior knowledge of where and when predators are abundant, and avoiding such sites for butterfly conservation, could considerably improve the efficiency of butterfly conservation practices.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Dragonflies cause spatial and temporal heterogeneity in habitat quality for butterflies

Sang

Teder

2011

Insect Conservation and Diversity

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“…For instance, a decrease in the duration of butter¯y activity is predicted for assemblages inhabiting high-altitude sites, as previously mentioned, whereas an increase in duration of the¯ight period for a given species should be expected because of elongated adult eclosion or longer adult lifespan at low temperatures (Brake®eld, 1982(Brake®eld, , 1987Scott & Epstein, 1987;Pollard, 1991a). For instance, a decrease in the duration of butter¯y activity is predicted for assemblages inhabiting high-altitude sites, as previously mentioned, whereas an increase in duration of the¯ight period for a given species should be expected because of elongated adult eclosion or longer adult lifespan at low temperatures (Brake®eld, 1982(Brake®eld, , 1987Scott & Epstein, 1987;Pollard, 1991a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Phenology of butterflies along an altitudinal gradient in northern Spain

Gutiérrez

Menéndez

1998

Journal of Zoology

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The annual cycle of adult butter¯ies was studied at seven rocky outcrops located along an altitudinal gradient in a northern Spanish mountain area (Picos de Europa) with a Eurosiberian climate in 1993 and 1995. Both total abundance and number of species of butter¯ies peaked in summer at all study sites. The cumulative species number uniformly increased over the season until late summer. These results imply that butter¯ies concentrated their activity when temperatures were higher in the year. Regardless of their diversity and total abundance, timing of the¯ight period was later for assemblages at high altitude than for assemblages at low altitude. A similar trend in increasing delay in¯ight period was found when data were analysed separately for each species. The duration of the¯ight period of assemblages was correlated with abundance in 1993, but it was correlated with altitude in 1995. Most species tended to show shorter¯ight periods at high altitudes in both study years. These altitudinal changes in timing of adult¯ight are likely to be linked with effects of temperature on developmental rates of early stages of the life cycle. Changes in duration of the¯ight period, however, might be partly related to variability in species abundance.

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“…Several species of insect exhibit a bimodal emergence of adults from pupae (Waldbauer, 1978) and in at least two cases there is evidence for a. genetic basis for this (Waldbauer and Sternberg, 1973;Bradshaw, 1973). Recently Brakefield (1982b) has reported bimodal emergence in the univoltine M jurtina, a species which also shows genetic variation in larval growth-rate (Brakefield, 1982c). Presumably, bivoltinism in P. aegeria evolved from an ancestral univoltine life cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological genetics of the speckled wood butterfly, Pararge aegeria L.—A preliminary study

Packer

1984

Heredity

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SUMMARYPhenologic and geographic variation in background colouration and hind wing spotting in the Satyrid butterfly Pararge aegeria are described from a study of cabinet specimens. This species has two generations in the year. The spring generation exhibits a bimodal pattern of emergence: those individuals which overwinter as pupae emerging earlier than those which pass the winter in the larval state. These early and late spring broods exhibit statistical phenotypic differences which seem to become obscured in the summer generation. Butterflies from Ireland and the South-West Peninsula are statistically distinct from those in the rest of Great Britain. A comparison between the ecological genetics of this species and Maniota jurtina is made.

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Ecological Studies on the Butterfly Maniola jurtina in Britain. II. Population Dynamics: The Present Position

Cited by 43 publications

References 25 publications

Dragonflies cause spatial and temporal heterogeneity in habitat quality for butterflies

Dragonflies cause spatial and temporal heterogeneity in habitat quality for butterflies

Phenology of butterflies along an altitudinal gradient in northern Spain

The ecological genetics of the speckled wood butterfly, Pararge aegeria L.—A preliminary study

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