The Sites of Sequestration of the Uganda-Palo Alto Strain of Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Red Blood Cells in the Squirrel Monkey, Saimiri sciureus

Plasmodium chabaudi: a rodent malaria model for in‐vivo and in‐vitro cytoadherence of malaria parasites in the absence of knobs

“…It is also worth considering when looking for a model for sequestration in cerebral malaria that the model need not necessarily sequester in cerebral capillaries. Of the six models for sequestration in malaria discussed we find that the primary sites for sequestration are different even between two strains of P. falciparum in two different primates (Miller 1969, Fremount et al 1974. In fact, sites of sequestration vary according to the host, the parasite strain and the parasite load (Desowitz et al 1969, Miller et al 1971.…”

“…Infected cells were consistently present in the spleen of animals infected with strain AJJ, AJ and PC7 but the involvement of the spleen in specific sequestration remains unclear. Increased percentage parasitaemia has been reported in spleen material from six animal model infections including P. chabaudi, that were examined for evidence of sequestration (Desowitz et al 1969, Miller 1969, Miller et al 1971, Fremount et al 1974. Considering that infected cells were found in the spleen of mice infected with our non-binding strain PC7 it is possible that infected cells may be present in the spleen as the result of clearance of some parasitized cells from the circulation rather than specific sequestration (WHO 1979).…”

“…A low level of sequestration which was suspected in strain AJ was investigated by directly observing perfused tissue sections. Previous workers used organ crushes from infected animals to detect the sites for sequestration in various models for malaria (Miller 1969, Miller, Fremount & Luse 1971, Fremount & Rossan 1974, Desowitz et al 1969, Miller & Fremount 1969. In this study on P. chahaudi it was decided to look for sequestered parasites of strain AJ in perfused organ sections.…”

“…The binding of P. fulciparum-infected erythrocytes has been observed in vitro, both with primary cultures of endothelial cells (Udeinya et al 1981) and with other human cell lines (Schmidt et al 1982). Although sequestration does not occur with all species of malaria parasites, the phenomenon has been described in various monkey and rodent malaria models (Miller 1969, Miller & Fremount 1969, Desowitz et al 1969, Fremount & Rossan 1974.…”

Expression and function of erythrocyte‐associated surface antigens in malaria

“…The other 3 species of human malaria parasites, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae, which do not sequester, do not cause cerebral malaria. In primates experimentally infected with P. falciparum (e.g., the owl monkey, Aotus trivirgatus, or the squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus), sequestration also occurs in various organs, chiefly the spleen, the liver and the heart [28,70], but there is no cytoadherence in cerebral blood vessels and, consequently, no cerebral malaria. Sequestration also occurs in various other malaria model systems, e.g., P. chabaudi in the mouse [20], but cerebral cytoadherence is absent in all these models.…”