The site of 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid synthesis in senescing carnation petals

Mor, Yoram; Halevy, A. H.; Spiegelstein, Hanna; Mayak, Shimon

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1985.tb02382.x

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It may therefore be concluded that the transported signal is not ACC but, rather, ethylene itself may be translocated or the lip may become more sensitive to ethylene following emasculation. The latter would meet our expectations as the existence of (mobile) ethylene-sensitivity factor(s) has also been suggested in cyclamen, petunia, and carnation flowers (7,9,13,19).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…In Cyclamen flowers, pollination-induced corolla abscission was ascribed to the action of a pollination-induced ethylene-sensitivity factor as abscission in pollinated flowers could be prevented by silver thiosulphate whereas it could not be induced by ethylene or ACC in nonpollinated flowers (7). Similarly, such a mobile ethylene-sensitivity factor was suggested to be produced in the lower portion of the carnation petal (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interorgan Translocation of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid and Ethylene Coordinates Senescence in Emasculated Cymbidium Flowers

Woltering¹

1990

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Cymbidium flowers, emasculation by removal of the pollinia and the anther cap leads within 24 hours to red coloration of the labellum (lip). Lip coloration, being the first sign of senescence in these flowers, has been ascribed to the action of ethylene in the lip. When a small incision in the base of the lip is made prior to emasculation, or when the lip is excised and placed in water within 10 to 15 hours after emasculation, coloration is considerably delayed. This indicates that a coloration-associated factor is moving in or out of the lip. Measurements of ethylene production of excised flower parts, isolated at different times after emasculation, showed an increase only in the central column; the other flower parts, including the lip, did not show a measurable change. In contrast, in situ measurements of the ethylene production of the central column and the remaining portion of the flower revealed a simultaneous increase in all the flower parts following emasculation. Similarly, application of radiolabeled 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to the top of the central column in situ leads to the production of radiolabeled ethylene by all the flower parts. In addition, the ethylene production of isolated lips, measured immediately after excision, was initially high but ceased within 10 to 15 minutes. Treatment of the central column in situ with ethylene or ethephon did not stimulate ACC production but did stimulate lip coloration and this was accompanied by an increased internal ethylene concentration in the lip. The data indicate that endogenously produced as well as applied ACC is rapidly translocated from the site of production or application to all the other flower parts where it is immediately converted into ethylene. By excision of a flower organ, the influx of ACC is prevented, causing a rapid decrease in ethylene production. In addition, it was found that ethylene may also be translocated in physiologically significant amounts within the flower. The roles of ACC and ethylene as mobile senescence or wilting factors in emasculation-and pollination-induced senescence is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interorgan Translocation of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid and Ethylene Coordinates Senescence in Emasculated Cymbidium Flowers

Woltering¹

1990

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We have demonstrated interorgan transport of ACC, as has been previously reported in other systems (3,5,6,9,12,18,21,23,28,29). In shoots, ACC is converted to ethylene, which in turn causes leaf abscission.…”

Section: Water Stress and Leaf Abscission In Citrussupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Xylem transport of ACC from roots to shoots was first demonstrated by Bradford and Yang to induce epinasty in tomato plants subjected to anaerobic root stress (5, 6). Later, interorgan ACC transport was shown in several systems (3,9,12,18,21,23,28,29). However, no studies to test the relationship between water stress-induced abscission and xylem transport of ACC have been made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Transported from Roots to Shoots Promotes Leaf Abscission in Cleopatra Mandarin (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan.) Seedlings Rehydrated after Water Stress

Tudela¹,

Primo‐Millo²

1992

Plant Physiol.

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of water stress and subsequent rehydration on 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, ACC synthase activity, ethylene production, and leaf abscission was studied in Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan.) seedlings. Leaf abscission occurred when drought-stressed plants were allowed to rehydrate, whereas no abscission was observed in plants under water stress conditions. In roots of water-stressed plants, a high ACC accumulation and an increase in ACC synthase activity were observed. Neither increase in ACC content nor significant ethylene production were detected in leaves of water-stressed plants. After rehydration, a sharp rise in ACC content and ethylene production was observed in leaves of water-stressed plants. Content of ACC in xylem fluid was 10-fold higher in plants rehydrated for 2 h after water stress than in nonstressed plants. Leaf (2,4,24). The relationship between ethylene production and abscission, both induced by water stress, has also been well established in cotton (11,15) and citrus (4). However, it has been indicated recently that these findings may be artifactual results obtained when working with detached tissues (19,20). These authors concluded that water stress alone cannot induce ethylene synthesis in intact plants.Citrus trees present a characteristic behavior of water stress-induced leaf abscission. When trees are subjected to water stress, leaves are injured but are not abscised. They remain attached until water stress is relieved (by rain or irrigation) and, soon afterwards, they are abscised (1). Similar behavior has been reported in cotton plants (15), which has led us to suggest that during water stress an abscissioninducing factor is synthesized in roots of citrus trees, and later it is transported to the aerial parts of the plant where it induces abscission. Ethylene is the natural regulator of abscission, and due to its gaseous nature, it may be that this abscission-inducing factor is ACC, the metabolic precursor of ethylene. Xylem transport of ACC from roots to shoots was first demonstrated by Bradford and Yang to induce epinasty in tomato plants subjected to anaerobic root stress (5, 6). Later, interorgan ACC transport was shown in several systems (3,9,12,18,21,23,28,29). However, no studies to test the relationship between water stress-induced abscission and xylem transport of ACC have been made. The aim of this work is to study this hypothesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant MaterialEight-to 10-month-old Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni TUDELA AND PRIMO-MILLO flux density, 120 Mmol-s-1 m2. RH was 95% during dark periods and oscillated between 60 and 95% during light periods. Plants were watered three times per week with 300 mL of half-strength modified Hoagland solution. Water Stress TreatmentsWater stress began at the start of the 16-h light period. Well-watered plants were taken from the pots and their roots washed with water. Then, the plants were placed in pots with dry sand for different periods under continuous light. In rehy...

show abstract

“…Therefore, one can speculate that either another ACC synthase gene is leading to the ethylene responsible for this effect or that the sensitivity of the tissue to ethylene is enhanced (GuzmBn and Ecker, 1990). In addition, the possible interorgan transport of ACC to target tissues cannot be excluded because this phenomenon has been demonstrated in various cases (Amrhein et al, 1982;Fuhrer and Fuhrer-Fries, 1985; Mor et al, 1985; Nichols and Frost, 1985; Kiss and Koning, 1989;Woltering, 1990;Tudela and Primo-Millo, 1992;ONeill et al, 1993).…”

Section: Expression Pattern Of Acsl Changes During Growth In the Darkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arabidopsis 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase Gene 1 Is Expressed during Early Development.

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The temporal and spatlal expression of one member of the Arabidopsis 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase gene family (ACS7) was analyzed using a promoter-P-glucuronidase fusion. The expression of ACSl is under developmental control both in shoot and root. High expression was observed in young tissues and was switched off in mature tissues. ACS7 pmmoter activity was strongly correlated with lateral root formation. Dark-grown seedlings exhibited a different expression pattern from light-grown ones. The ACC content and the in vivo activity of ACC oxidase were determined. ACC content correlated with ACS7 gene activity. ACC oxidase activity was demonstrated in young Arabidopsis seedlings. Thus, the ACC formed can be converted into ethylene. In addition, ethylene production of immature leaves was fourfold higher compared to that of mature leaves. The possible involvement of ACSl in influencing plant growth and development is discussed. INTRODUCTIONEthylene is involved in several aspects of plant development from germination and seedling growth to flowering, fruit ripening, leaf abscission, and organ senescence. It also plays a key role in the response to environmental factors (Abeles, 1973; Yang and Hoffman, 1984; Moore, 1989; Van Der Straeten and Van Montagu, 1991).With the recent cloning of genes encoding the two most important enzymes in the biosynthesis of ethylene, l-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase (Nakajima et al., 1990; Van Der Straeten et al., 1990; Dong et al., 1991;Huang et al., 1991; Olson et al., 1991; and ACC oxidase (ethylene-forming enzyme or EFE) (Hamilton et al., 1990; Spanu et al., 1991;Wang and Woodson, 1991), more information about the molecular regulation of the synthesis of this hormone has been made available. The main focus has been on the regulation of ACC synthase gene expression because of its key regulatory role in the pathway. This implies that diverse inducers of ethylene production are also inducers of de novo synthesis of ACC synthase (Yang and Hoffmann, 1984; Van Der Straeten and Van Montagu, 1991).ACC synthases have been cloned from tomato (Van Der Straeten et al., 1990; Olson et al., 1991; To whom correspondence should be addressed.Yip et al., 1992), winter squash (Nakajima et al., 1990), zucchini (Huang et al., 1991), Arabidopsis (Liang et al., 1992; Van Der Straeten et al., 1992), mung bean (Botellaet al., 1992; Kim et al., 1992), carnation (Park et al., 1992), orchid (ONeill et al., 1993), tobacco (Bailey et al., 1992), and apple (Dong et ai., 1991; Kim et al., 1992). In several cases, it has been shown that ACC synthase genes belong to a multigene family and that they are differentially responsive to various ethyleneinducing factors and conditions such as wounding, fruit ripening, and auxins, although in certain cases some leve1 of coordination was demonstrated (Nakajima et al., 1990; Van Der Straeten et al., 1990; Dong et al., 1991; Olson et al., 1991; ; Yip et ai., 1992). These studies have provided information about general aspects of AC...

show abstract

The site of 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid synthesis in senescing carnation petals

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Interorgan Translocation of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid and Ethylene Coordinates Senescence in Emasculated Cymbidium Flowers

Interorgan Translocation of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid and Ethylene Coordinates Senescence in Emasculated Cymbidium Flowers

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Transported from Roots to Shoots Promotes Leaf Abscission in Cleopatra Mandarin (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan.) Seedlings Rehydrated after Water Stress

The Arabidopsis 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase Gene 1 Is Expressed during Early Development.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About