The significance of thiol/disulfide homeostasis and ischemia-modified albumin levels to assess the oxidative stress in patients with different stages of diabetes mellitus

Abstract

This study investigated the value of Thiol/Disulfide homeostasis and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels in discriminating diabetic cases with different stages of retinopathy and without retinopathy. In total, 122 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. These patients were separated into three subgroups: Group 1 included 42 patients with DM and no diabetic retinopathy (DR), Group 2 included 40 patients with DM having non-proliferative DR and the Group 3 had 40 patients with DM having proliferative DR. The native thiol, total thiol, and disulfide levels and disulfide-native thiol, disulfide-total thiol, and native thiol-total thiol ratios as well as the IMA levels were analyzed and compared among the groups. There were no statistically significant differences regarding the ages and genders of the patients between the groups. The native thiol level, the total thiol level and the native thiol-total thiol ratio showed a statistically significantly reduction, while the disulfide level, the disulfide-native thiol ratio, and the disulfide-total thiol ratio showed a statistically significantly elevation in the Group 3 compared with the Group 1 and Group 2. Additionally, the mean IMA levels were statistically significantly higher in Group 3 when compared to Group 1 and Group 2 (p = .003 and p = .014, respectively). In conclusion, both Thiol/Disulfide homeostasis parameters and IMA levels increase with the progression of DR. Thiol/Disuldife homeostasis balance and IMA levels may be used a biomarker to monitor the tissue ischemia in DM and to discriminate the different stages of DR, in the future.

Level of Certain Oxidants and Antioxidants in Patients with Uterine Fibroids

“…Thiol groups are also among antioxidant mechanisms. Thiols can react with free radicals to protect against tissue and cell damage caused by reactive oxygen products and contain sulfhydryl (-SH) group, an antioxidant molecule (19,20).…”

Significance of thiol/disulphide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin levels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

“…IMA has a low binding capacity to heavy metals such as cobalt, nickel and copper, and this is closely associated with an increase in ROS, ischemia or the hypoxic process [23]. Studies have shown that IMA levels rise in several conditions, including muscle ischemia, aortic pathologies and diabetic retinopathy [24][25][26][27][28].…”

Predictive value of ischaemia‐modified albumin in spermatogenesis in an experimental testicular torsion model

“…They found that IMA levels in group 3 were significantly higher than those in the other groups and stated that IMA levels could be used as a biomarker to demonstrate tissue damage in diabetic patients in the future (Gulpamuk et al, 2018). They found that IMA levels in group 3 were significantly higher than those in the other groups and stated that IMA levels could be used as a biomarker to demonstrate tissue damage in diabetic patients in the future (Gulpamuk et al, 2018).…”

“…The study comprised three groups: patients with diabetes mellitus and no proliferative retinopathy (group 1), those with diabetes and nonproliferative retinopathy (group 2) and those with diabetes and proliferative retinopathy (group 3). They found that IMA levels in group 3 were significantly higher than those in the other groups and stated that IMA levels could be used as a biomarker to demonstrate tissue damage in diabetic patients in the future (Gulpamuk et al, 2018). Kocan et al investigated whether IMA level was an objective biomarker in renal ischaemic injury.…”