The significance of political leaders for social policy expansion in Brazil, China, India and South Africa

Manor, James; Duckett, Jane

doi:10.1080/14662043.2017.1327926

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our study contributes to a small but growing political economy literature on the role of individual politicians by connecting two seemingly separate literatures on the welfare state and political leaders. Consistent with emerging works on the relationship between leaders’ personal experiences and policy outcomes (Barceló, 2020; Dreher et al, 2009; Hayo and Neumeier, 2012; Manor and Ducket, 2017; O’Grady, 2018; Persson and Zhuravskaya, 2016), this study finds that leaders’ experiences before entering the political arena significantly affect later policy outcomes. Our study also speaks to previous research which finds that leaders matter only where institutions are weak (Jones and Olken, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Political Leaders, Economic Hardship, and Redistribution in Democracies: Impact of Political Leaders on Welfare Policy

Han

2020

Political Studies

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This study analyzes how political leaders’ material backgrounds affect redistributive policies in democracies. Building on political socialization theory, we argue that politicians with personal experience of economic hardship are more likely to have sympathetic attitudes toward redistribution than those without such experience, particularly where political constraints are weak. We posit that firsthand knowledge of economic hardship helps political leaders understand why the poor need government redistribution, and leads them to support more generous social welfare policies. Analyzing an original dataset of leaders’ material background in 74 democratic countries between 1980 and 2011, we find that leaders who experienced economic hardship in their youth increase social welfare spending during their tenure, particularly when political constraints are weak. Following prior studies on leaders’ personal experiences and policy outcomes, this study provides a new approach to redistribution and welfare policy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“… 2. Manor and Duckett (2017) is one of the few exceptions. However, their study lacks generalizability and is mostly descriptive. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Leaders, Economic Hardship, and Redistribution in Democracies: Impact of Political Leaders on Welfare Policy

Han

2020

Political Studies

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“…Finally, a strand of the literature finds that social protection systems are more likely to emerge and/or expand in the aftermath of aggregate shocks (Manor and Duckett 2017;Bossuroy and Coudouel 2018;Desai and Rudra 2019). International agencies can play an important role here, given the challenges and adverse conditions that developing countries face in times of crisis (Barrientos and Niño-Zarazúa 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aid's impact on social protection in low- and middle-income countries

Niño-Zarazúa,

Santillán Hernández

2023

WIDER Working Paper

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“…Others hold that clientelism was transcended because of the resources available for citizens in the context of India’s rapid economic growth (Kitschelt & Wilkinson, 2007; see Wilkinson, 2014). There are also those who hold that political will or executive agency can explain subnational variation in India (Chopra, 2019; Jenkins & Manor, 2017; Maiorano, 2014; Manor & Duckett, 2017; Zarhani, 2019). We hold that neither an exclusive focus on resources nor political will can reveal the roots of state capacity in India.…”

Section: Clientelism and The Pathologies Of Democracymentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing India: Evolution of Programmatic Welfare in Andhra Pradesh

Mukherji¹,

Zarhani²

2020

Studies in Indian Politics

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How can clientelistic politics be transformed into programmatic politics in a subnational state with a well-recorded history of patronage politics? We explore institutional pathways away from clientelism by systematically explicating clientelistic propensities with programmatic citizen-oriented ones in undivided Andhra Pradesh. This paper engages with a paradigm shift in policy from clientelistic to programmatic service delivery in rural development by exploring three major rural welfare programmes in undivided Andhra Pradesh: need-based redistribution, evolution of self-help groups and implementation of the right to work in India through the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) scheme. We argue that the capacity of the state to deliver owes a great deal to bureaucratic puzzling and political powering over developmental ideas. We combine powering and puzzling within the state to argue the case for how these ideas tip after evolving in a path-dependent way.

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The significance of political leaders for social policy expansion in Brazil, China, India and South Africa

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Political Leaders, Economic Hardship, and Redistribution in Democracies: Impact of Political Leaders on Welfare Policy

Political Leaders, Economic Hardship, and Redistribution in Democracies: Impact of Political Leaders on Welfare Policy

Aid's impact on social protection in low- and middle-income countries

Governing India: Evolution of Programmatic Welfare in Andhra Pradesh

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