The significance of oral health in HIV disease

Who is at risk? Periodontal disease risk analysis made accessible for the general dental practitioner

“…35 Some have claimed that highly-active anti-retroviral therapy has limited periodontal disease progres sion in HIV-positive patients. 36 Studies revealing no difference in periodontal status between HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative refute this, conclud ing that the 'extent and severity of periodontal disease among HIV-infected individuals may be less than hitherto thought.' 37 Treatment with HAART has indicated that seropositivity with HIV doesn't in itself constitute a serious risk of periodontal disease.…”

HIV/AIDS; Oral Complications And Challenges, The Nigerian Experience

“…Diagnosis of hyperplastic candidiasis is made from the histologic appearance of hyperkeratosis and the presence of hyphae. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain is often used to demonstrate hyphae 1,2 . Most studies carried out in Nigeria, reported Pseudom-embranous candidiasis to be the commonest variant followed by erythematous candidiasis.…”

“…The oral cavity is an important and frequently undervalued source of diagnostic and prognostic information in patients with HIV disease 2 . Studies of oral conditions associated with HIV infection in adult Nigerians reported prevalence of oral lesions ranging from 20% in 2001 to 84% in 2006.…”

“…A variety of conditions have been described affecting oral tissues in HIV infection 7 . The most common oral lesion is oral candidiasis, with pseudomembranous type the most frequent 2,3,8 . Historically, this was one of the first documented oral features of AIDS and several studies have confirmed its high prevalence 9,10 .…”

Prevalence of Periodontitis and Soft Tissue Lesions among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Raichur Taluk, Karnataka, India

“…8 A variety of conditions affect ing oral mucosal tissues may provide the physician with additional knowledge of individual patients' biological responses to their HIV infection. 9 Oral lesions that are strongly associated with HIV infections include oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi sarcoma, linear gingival erythema, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, and nonHodgkin lymphoma. 1,4,1013 Oral lesions are seen in HIV patients and can serve to determine the progress and the severity of the underlying disease.…”