The shortsighted victim: Short-term mindsets mediate the link between victimization and later offending

Childhood adversity is not associated with lowered inhibition, but slower perceptual processing: A Drift Diffusion Model analysis

“…People with a present-oriented attention style (versus a more future-oriented attention style) are more geared towards processing information that is relevant for solving challenges and obtaining rewards in the here-and-now. A general tendency to be more attuned to the present (while disregarding the future) is sometimes referred to as a short-term mindset (Kübel et al, 2023;Van Gelder & Frankenhuis, n.d.), which also includes tendencies to be more impulsive, to more steeply discount future rewards, and to be more sensation-seeking. Although short-term mindsets are associated with exposure to adversity (Ganschow et al, 2023), it is unclear how they are associated with performance on attention tasks.…”

Beyond the Situation: Hanging Out with Peers now is Associated with Short-Term Mindsets Later

“…In this article, we advocate for this theoretical shift and hypothesize that frequent UUS increases short-term mindsets in adolescents, and that it does so also beyond the immediate situation . We use ‘short-term mindsets’ as an umbrella term referring to concepts characterized by an increased focus on current versus future outcomes, including, but not limited to, impulsivity, sensation-seeking and low future orientation (Kübel et al, 2023 ; van Gelder et al, 2020 ). 1 We test our hypothesis by assessing whether individuals exhibit increased short-term mindsets after periods in which they have spent more time in UUS.…”

“…Here, we propose that UUS promotes deviance through increasing short-term mindsets. The concept of short-term mindsets is similar to (low) self-control, but is informed by recent theory and findings (see Burt, 2020 , for review; see Kübel et al, 2023 ; van Gelder et al, 2020 , for further discussion). First, short-term mindsets narrows in on intertemporal decision-making tendencies.…”

“…Recent research reveals how environmental and social factors may influence short-term mindsets. For example, harsh parenting practices, victimization, future uncertainty, sanctions, and poverty affect the focus on present outcomes (Frankenhuis et al, 2016 ; Kübel et al, 2023 ; Pepper & Nettle, 2017 ; van Gelder et al, 2018 ; Gelder et al, 2020 ; Wojciechowski, 2022 ). Short-term mindsets are thus a response to environmental and social factors, including peers, even if they are influenced by dispositional factors as well (Fenneman et al, 2022 ).…”