The Severity of Menstrual Dysfunction as a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in PCOS

Brower, M.; Brennan, Kathleen; Pall, Marita; Azziz, Ricardo

doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2815

Cited by 63 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“… 6 Particularly, women with PCOS exhibit a significantly higher risk for IR, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 7 Thus, these findings described above imply the presence of an underlying correlation between IR and PCOS, which requires further elucidation. 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

RETRACTED: Downregulation of MicroRNA-222 Reduces Insulin Resistance in Rats with PCOS by Inhibiting Activation of the MAPK/ERK Pathway via Pten

Hong¹,

Liu²,

Yan³

et al. 2020

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by the dysfunction of endocrine metabolism, is a common disease among women. Insulin (INS) resistance (IR) is considered as an obstruction to effective PCOS treatment. Here, we aimed to explore the mechanism by which microRNA-222 (miR-222) affects IR in PCOS via Pten . Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays indicated that miR-222 expression was higher in the peripheral blood of PCOS patients with IR than in PCOS patients without IR, while Pten expression was lower. Further mechanistic analysis identified Pten as a target gene of miR-222. Moreover, PCOS rat models were established through the administration of dehydroepiandrosterone and were subsequently treated with miR-222 agomir, miR-222 antagomir, or Pten overexpression plasmid. The inhibition of miR-222 improved ovarian morphology, enhanced the production of serum sex hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteotropic hormone [LH], estradiol 2 [E2], prolactin [PRL], and testosterone [T]), increased the levels of glucose metabolism indicators (homeostasis model of assessment for IR [HOMA-IR], blood glucose [BG] 120min , and INS 120min ), and reduced the production of progesterone in the PCOS rats. Notably, miR-222 downregulation resulted in the inactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway by upregulating Pten . Collectively, miR-222 inhibition might reduce IR in PCOS by inactivating the MAPK/ERK pathway and elevating Pten expression, which indicates miR-222 as a promising target for PCOS treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

RETRACTED: Downregulation of MicroRNA-222 Reduces Insulin Resistance in Rats with PCOS by Inhibiting Activation of the MAPK/ERK Pathway via Pten

Hong¹,

Liu²,

Yan³

et al. 2020

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

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“…Insulin resistance has an important role in the mechanism of PCOS in both obese and nonobese women, and hyperinsulinemia in response to insulin resistance increases ovarian androgen synthesis and decreases hepatic sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) synthesis resulting in androgen excess [3]. Women with PCOS with oligoovulation or anovulation have higher homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to those with normal menstrual cycles [4]. Insulin-sensitizing drugs, especially metformin, are widely used as second-step treatments and as cotreatments for PCOS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Berberine on Reproduction and Metabolism in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Purpose. To assess the efficacy and safety of berberine on reproductive endocrine and metabolic outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods. PubMed (from 1950), the Cochrane Library, the CNKI (from 1979), the VIP (from 1989), and the Wanfang Data (from 1990) and the reference lists of the retrieved articles were searched for randomized controlled trials in human beings with the search terms including “polycystic ovary syndrome/PCOS” and “berberine/BBR/Huangliansu (in Chinese)/Xiao bojian (in Chinese)” till 30 May 2019. Relevant indicators were collected and the data were analyzed by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results. Eventually, a total of 12 randomized controlled trials were included in this systematic review. Our study suggested that berberine had similar live birth rates compared with placebo or metformin and lower live birth rates (RR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.82) compared with letrozole. There was a significant difference between berberine and placebo and between berberine and no treatment in terms of decreasing total testosterone and luteinizing hormone to follicle-stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio (8 RCTs, 577 participants, MD: −0.34, 95% CI: −0.47 to −0.20; 3 RCTs, 179 participants, MD: −0.44, 95% CI: −0.68 to −0.21, respectively). Berberine was associated with decreasing total cholesterol (3 RCTs, 201 participants; MD: −0.44, 95% CI: −0.60 to −0.29), waist circumference (3 RCTs, 197 participants, MD: −2.74, 95% CI: −4.55 to −0.93), and waist-to-hip ratio (4 RCTs, 258 participants, MD: −0.04, 95% CI: −0.05 to −0.03) compared with metformin, but not with improved BMI (4 RCTs, 262 participants, MD: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.46 to 0.39). Berberine did not increase the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events (3 RCTs, 567 participants, RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.35) or serious events during pregnancy (RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.70 to 1.37) compared with placebo. Conclusion. This review found no solid evidence that berberine could improve live birth or other clinical outcomes in women with PCOS. However, berberine appeared to be more efficacious for improving insulin resistance and dyslipidemia and decreasing androgen levels and LH/FSH ratio in women with PCOS when compared with metformin.

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“…Similarly, the finding of significant positive correlations between insulin and androgen levels in PCOS has suggested that insulin also contributes to hyperandrogenism in affected women . In addition, recent data suggest that in PCOS patients, a significant relationship between the degree of overt menstrual dysfunction and the degree of insulin resistance present and that the degree of cycle irregularity as a simple clinical parameter might be a valuable instrument to estimate the degree of metabolic and endocrine disorders . Alternatively, since many normal‐weight PCOS patients are not insulin resistant, the hypothesis that hyperandrogenism per se leads to abdominal visceral adiposity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia has been postulated by many authors …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is related to the severity of anovulation and other clinical features in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Androulakis

Kandaraki

Christakou

et al. 2014

Clinical Endocrinology

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The Severity of Menstrual Dysfunction as a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in PCOS

Cited by 63 publications

References 19 publications

RETRACTED: Downregulation of MicroRNA-222 Reduces Insulin Resistance in Rats with PCOS by Inhibiting Activation of the MAPK/ERK Pathway via Pten

RETRACTED: Downregulation of MicroRNA-222 Reduces Insulin Resistance in Rats with PCOS by Inhibiting Activation of the MAPK/ERK Pathway via Pten

The Effect of Berberine on Reproduction and Metabolism in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials

Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is related to the severity of anovulation and other clinical features in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

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