The Self- and Other-Interest Inventory.

Abstract

Five studies develop and validate the Self- and Other-Interest Inventory, an individual-difference measure of the motivation to act in one's own interest and the motivation to act in another's interest that measures these motivations at the level of self-beliefs. Study 1 demonstrates that self- and other-interest can be measured reliably and validly, as independent constructs, with a self-report measure. Study 2 develops a version of the Self- and Other-Interest Inventory for use with a general population and demonstrates systematic changes in the relation between self- and other-interest scores with age. Study 3 shows that self- and other-interest scores vary independently, as a function of the accessibility of related values. Study 4 provides evidence that self-interest scores predict behaviors that benefit the self and that other-interest scores predict behaviors that benefit another person. Finally, Study 5 demonstrates that in situations that involve a trade-off between the pursuit of self-interest and the pursuit of other-interest, such as the prisoner's dilemma, self- and other-interest scores contribute independently to behavioral prediction.

Better to Give and to Compete? Prosocial and Competitive Motives as Interactive Predictors of Citizenship Behavior

“…Regardless of approach, there is a paucity of research about how these motives might combine to influence employee behavior in the workplace. While researchers have acknowledged that individuals can simultaneously hold both prosocial and competitive motives (de Dreu & Nauta, 2009;Gerbasi & Prentice, 2013), and that each motive may yield independent benefits for individuals and organizations (Van Lange, DeBruin, Otten, & Joireman, 1997), this research elucidates their interactive effects.…”

“…One key distinction that motivation theorists have made is between self-interested and other-oriented motives (de Dreu, 2006). While self-interest has traditionally been treated as the "cardinal" motive by psychologists (Gerbasi & Prentice, 2013), there is considerable evidence that individuals can also hold other-interested, or prosocial motives (Batson, 1991;Meglino & Korsgaard, 2004). However, less is known about the effect of holding both types of motives simultaneously.…”

Equivalence of Narcissistic Personality Inventory constructs and correlates across scoring approaches and response formats

“…In fact, multiple studies have applied the NPI in a single-stimulus format (Bogart, Benotsch, & Pavlovic, 2004;Boldero, Bell, & Davies, 2015;R. P. Brown & Zeigler-Hill, 2004;Egan & Lewis, 2011;Gerbasi & Prentice, 2013;Jordan, Spencer, Zanna, Hoshino-Browne, & Correll, 2003;Lee, Gregg, & Park, 2013;Morf & Rhodewalt, 1993), although these investigations did not check whether equivalent constructs were measured across formats. Also, in most cases, investigators only presented the narcissistic response options to participants.…”

The Structure of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory With Binary and Rating Scale Items

“…Like Gerbasi and Prentice (2013), we used six response options for rating items. We used this number of options rather than five, used by, for example, Egan and Lewis (2011) or seven, used by Jordan et al (2003), for two reasons.…”

“…These require either individuals indicating whether the NPI's narcissistic statements are or are not self-descriptive (e.g., Bogart, Benotsch, & Pavlovic, 2004;Brown & Zeigler-Hill, 2004; hereafter binary items) or individuals rating the extent to which they disagree or agree that these statements are selfdescriptive on Likert scales (e.g., Egan & Lewis, 2011;Gerbasi & Prentice, 2013;Jordan, Spencer, Zanna, HoshinoBrowne, & Correll, 2003; hereafter rating items).…”