“…Yet the persistence of football crowd disorder at international matches and, above all, the rising politicisation of security-related issues in the post-bipolar era (Waever et al, 1993;Bigo, 1994Bigo, , 2002Bigo, , 2008Lipshutz, 1995;Huysmans, 1995Huysmans, , 2004Huysmans, , 2006Anderson, 1996;Buzan et al, 1998;C eyhan and Tsoukala, 2002;Ericson, 2007), the widespread concern about risk-producing criminal and deviant behaviours, and the ensuing requirement to design social control policies likely to efficiently counter all sources of disorder in society led, inter alia, to the inclusion of football hooliganism in the lis t of the phenomena tha t were thought to pose a serious threat on the security of the EU countries. C onsequently, from the late 1990s onwards, the C ouncil of the EU addressed the issue through an array of both specific counterhooliganism and broad-sweeping law and order texts, some of which are non-binding.…”