The Scope of Reclamation Works for Areas after the Exploitation of Rock Raw Materials

Abstract

This paper proposes a framework to systematize the scope of reclamation works that optimize the agricultural, forest, aquatic, natural, economic, and cultural values of areas after the exploitation of mineral raw materials by mining. The framework describes characteristic reclamation works, which may become the basis for estimating the financial value of reclamation projects and for securing financial means for the implementation of reclamation tasks. Three phases of reclamation are represented in characteristic reclamation works. The preliminary phase includes works related to the development of design-estimate documentation. The scope of these works is the same regardless of the direction and type of post-mining facility. The technical (basic) phase is the completion of earthworks that prepare for the biological (detailed) phase, which includes introduction of biological systems into areas transformed by mining activities. The scopes of works of the technical and biological phases are different, depending on the planned function of the post-mining area and the type of material extracted.

Slope Shape Optimization of Water Reservoirs Formed Due to the Reclamation of Post-Mining Excavations

“…In their publications, Strzałkowski and Kaźmierczak [12,14,15] proposed slope inclinations for excavations reclaimed in the aquatic direction. Although the results of that research are correct, the authors suggest that the reclamation scope of works and costs might be lower if different slope inclinations are used.…”

“…The literature indicates that the aquatic reclamation direction in the technical (basic) phase is performed by means of regulating hydrogeological conditions (including the construction of the necessary hydrotechnical objects and devices), building or rebuilding access roads, reconstructing the layer of fertile soil with the use of technical methods, separating toxic deposits, and moving ground masses, which includes shaping the relief of the reclaimed land and reinforcing the slopes [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In addition, prior to the proper technical reclamation works, several preparatory and clearing tasks must be performed, such as: removing extra vegetation, demolishing the remaining parts of buildings, and clearing the rubble and debris from the demolished buildings or storing it in a designated location.…”

Mining of non-metallic mineral deposits in the context of Ukraine’s reconstruction in the war and post-war periods

“…Major research on the development of the mining industry was conducted in peacetime and did not take into account current threats that may arise suddenly. Research was mainly aimed at substantiating and solving issues related to optimizing rock mining [40] and transportation technologies [41], [42], crushing processes [43], determination of parameters for transport operations [44]- [46], research on the productivity of excavator-vehicle complexes [47], peculiarities of the natural environment anthropogenic transformation during quarrying [48], monitoring of surface subsidence [49]- [54], reclamation measures to restore disturbed areas [51]- [53] and efficient transportation methods to maximize the efficiency and consistency of mining processes [55]- [57]. Therefore, research related to water inflows into the mined-out space of the quarry, which makes it possible to predict the operating performance of a pumping unit and plan its shutdown schedules with the possibility of maximum loading of crushingscreening plants, is of particular relevance.…”

Benoa Bay Reclamation: The Impact of Policy-Making for Social and Environment

“…Reclamation definition according to several reference sources is as follows: Reclamation can be generally understood as the process of restoring a beach from erosion. Sand is added to the areas of the beach that have experienced severe erosion to "reclaim" the shoreline of the beach (Strzałkowski, 2019). According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No.…”